Month: September 2009

  • EU: NEED TO RESTART TALKS WITH TURKEY, WISE MEN SAY

    EU: NEED TO RESTART TALKS WITH TURKEY, WISE MEN SAY

    euwisemen(ANSAmed) – BRUSSELS – An appeal was launched today in Brussels by the ‘wise men’ of the Independent Commission on Turkey to restart negotiations on EU membership with Ankara, which have been caught in a vicious circle for four years. The wise men – former Finnish President and Nobel prizewinner for Peace Martti Ahtisaari; fomer EU Commissioner Emma Bonino, Italy, and Hans van den Broek, Holland; former French Premier Michel Rocard; former Spanish Foreign Minister Marcelino Oreja; Austria’s former Secretary General for Foreign Affairs Albert Roahn – presented their report ‘Turkey in Europe, breaking the vicious circle’, taking the opportunity to make observations on the recent turbulent years in relations between Ankara and the EU. It all started with a ‘paradox’, said Rohan: ”Since negotiations started in 2005, the virtuous circle has turned into a vicious circle”. There are several reasons for this change of tack: the thorny issue of Cyprus, with the failed 2004 referendum over the reunification of the island following the ‘no’ vote by the Greek-Cypriots, the slowing-down of reforms by Ankara, and also ”the opposition to Turkey’s entry on the part of several European leaders and public opinion in many countries”. The positions of the leaders, said Rohan, ”are in stark contradiction to the unanimous decision to open adhesion negotiations taken by heads of State and government in December 2004. This attitude has given Turkey the impression of not being wanted, of being treated differently from other candidates. But this approach is contrary to European interests: Turkey is a strategic country for energy routes, its presence in the Caucasus, its economic strength in Central Asia, and its negotiating weight in the Middle East”. The result is that now more than half of the 35 chapters of negotiations for adhesion are blocked, either because of Cyprus’ veto, as a response to the lack of full application of the Ankara Protocol on the part of Turkey, which regulates customs relations with the 27 countries, or because of the block placed informally by other chapters. France has blocked five chapters, preferring to focus on partnership rather than integration. Austria, Germany and Holland also have political positions or public opinion overwhelmingly against Turkey’s inclusion in the EU. As for Italy, Bonino said that ”lately, for the first time, opposing positions have been taken very very firmly by the Northern League”. For this reason the former EU commissioner has called on Berlusconi to ”mediate” inside the Government so as to define a clear position ahead on the EU summit on December 9-10, during which the next steps for the adhesion talks will be defined. Emma Bonino said that the question ”of identity is an alibi for not saying anything, for not saying that they are Muslims, there are 80 million of them. I always feel like saying, what is the European identity? For me, Europe is a State of rights, division of power, democracy, open society; I do not believe that Europe is a religious project or a geographic project”. In this negative context, there are only a few signs of a change in tendency, for example the resumption of Turkish-Armenian dialogue. But the ‘wise men’ insist that ”an effort is needed, we need good news from Turkey, on its reform plans, and a greater sense of responsibility on the part of the authorities and the European media”. ‘‘Not just the credibility of Europe towards Turkey, but the international role of the EU are at stake”, concluded Ahtisaari. (ANSAmed).

    Source: 

  • Police terror in Holland, Turkish worker hospitalized

    Police terror in Holland, Turkish worker hospitalized

    Dutch police attacked a Turkish worker who called the police to complain a bus driver who refused to pay a parking fee.

    Dutch police attacked a Turkish worker who called the police to complain a bus driver who refused to pay a parking fee.

    Ayhan Erbudak who has lived in Holland for 30 years, was hospitalized as a result of the “police terror” and faces the risk of becoming paralyzed.

    The recent violence comes after two Turkish businessmen were slaughtered in the broad daylight in Holland and one died in prison as a result of police torture in Belgium in last few weeks.

    Europe nowadays becomes a focus for the racist and violent crimes.

    Terrifying incident started when Erbudak called the police to complain a bus driver who did not pay the parking lot.

    Erbudak said police reacted horribly to him, saying “is it worth to call the police for such a small issue?”

    Police then badly beat Erbudak who opposed that police want to send the bus driver without paying the money. Erbudak’s backbone was broken during the attack.

    He said the police told him, “you deserved this” although he said he could not breath. “The police took me to the station under such conditions,” he said.

    After his testimony at the police station, he was released. Erbudak had to stay in hospital for two days. His wife, Saniye Erbudak who witnessed the violence, said that she’s mentally depressed.

    Erbudak said he would sue the police and defend for his rights.

    An Afgan migrant also died of a heart attack after police harshly treated him in the same place where Erbudak was exposed to the police terror.

    Source:  www.worldbulletin.net, 19 August 2009

  • A GREEK-TURKISH SACRED MUSIC CELEBRATION

    A GREEK-TURKISH SACRED MUSIC CELEBRATION

    feat. Photis Ketsetzis & YANSIMALAR

    A SACRED MUSIC CELEBRATION:
    Greek Orthodoxy and Turkish Sufism
    featuring Photis Ketsetzis and YANSIMALAR (Senol Filiz, ney, Birol Yayla, tanbur)

    Friday, September 25, 8:00pm @ Harvard University, Paine Hall
    Directed by MEHMET ALI SANLIKOL

    In this special concert a choir and an ensemble composed of Greek Orthodox, Turkish and American musicians will perform together a program of Greek Orthodox (Byzantine) and Turkish Sufi (Mevlevi) music. These two traditions exhibit substantial musical and historical commonalities, and share many instances of mutual influence and cross-fertilization. The concert will feature internationally acclaimed master musicians from Greece and Turkey: chanter Photis Ketsetzis; and Senol Filiz, ney and Birol Yayla, tanbur, the Istanbul-based duo YANSIMALAR.

    Line-up:
    The choir: Photis Ketsetzis, Grammenos Karanos, Rassem El Massih, Mehmet Ali Sanlikol, Cem Mutlu and Engin Gunaydin.
    The ensemble: Robert Labaree, ceng (harp), Panayiotis League, kemence/politiki lyra (spike fiddle), Senol Filiz, ney (end-blown flute), Birol Yayla, tanbur (long-necked lute), Cem Mutlu, bendir (frame drum), and Engin Gunaydin, kudum (kettle drums).

    general: $20
    stdnts/snrs: $15
    Harvard University, Paine Hall
    Cambridge, MA

    Click here to purchase tickets online:

    DÜNYA Organization’s goal is to present a contemporary view of a wide range of Turkish traditions, alone and in interaction with other world traditions, through performance, publication and other educational activities.

    DUNYA Organization | 735 Harrison Ave. W303 | BOSTON | MA | 02118 | Tel: 617 859 5805

  • Clash near Karabakh kills 4 Armenian soldiers-

    Clash near Karabakh kills 4 Armenian soldiers-

    reports 10 Sep 2009 08:45:32 GMT Source: Reuters BAKU, Sept 10 (Reuters) – Four Armenian soldiers were killed in an exchange of fire with Azeri armed forces near breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh on Thursday, Azerbaijan’s ANS Press news agency reported. ANS reported the exchange took place in the Agdam district adjacent to the rebel territory, which threw off Azeri rule in the early 1990s. The defence ministries of Azerbaijan and Armenia could not immediately be reached for comment. (Reporting by Matt Robinson; editing by Guy Faulconbridge)  


    Yusif Babanly
    Board of Directors
    Azerbaijani American Council (AAC)

    [email protected]
    www.aac.azeris.org

    ———————-

    This skirmish may be an important message that Turkish-Armenian border opening without the liberation of Azeri territories will most likely result in a war. Azerbaijan will then have no other option to force Armenians to obey with UN resolutions.

    Obviously, war cannot be conducted without Russian control and arms, hence Azerbaijan will most likely lean more towards Russia, hence ruining all the Western energy projects.

    Javid

    On Thu, Sep 10, 2009 at 7:17 AM, Fatma
    wrote:
    in Turkey, the NTV radio announced the event as;
    Armenian soldiers were trying to expand their territories as the cause of the skirmish.
    Fatma S.
  • Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan passed from this world

    Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan passed from this world

    Turkish Forum
    09.09.2009 In Honor of the Memory of Professor Mahmut Esat Ozan

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    In Honor of the Memory of Professor Mahmut Esat Ozan.

    Prof. Ozan passed from this world today, Wednesday, September 9, 2009. Prof. Ozan was a great Turk, a great American and the finest example of a world citizen. The world will never again know such a man as him. He was scholarly in nearly every language man has invented. He was honored in life by Turks, French, Germans, Japanese and Americans of his chosen home. As and educator, he dissolved all prejudice and replaced it with knowledge and enlightenment. He served as translator during World War II when lives depended upon accurate communications among allies of different languages. He spent his life in the ensuing peace educating about the great culture and global impact of Turkey. America has few allies as strong and enlightened as the Republic of Turkey. America has had few men of his culture, spirit and knowledge. He is survived by His wife of 60 years, Ruhan; his children Deniz, Julide and Kyrinn. Also survived by his nephew, Erol, grand nephew, Kurt and his grandchildren, Gwendylan Ayse, Elizabeth, and Daniel. May he sit beside Ataturk in the afterlife. Thank you Baba for making my life more wonderful than I could have imagined.

    Your son-in-law, Jim

    About Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan
    Articles of Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan – Archieve

    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

    Turkish Forum Danışma Kurulu Üyesi ve Editorial Board Başkanı Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan 9 Eylül Günü vefat etmiştir
    Rahat uyu kalemlerin efendisi !

    Turk davalarinin yilmaz savunucusu, taninmis Turkish Forum yazari, titiz arastirmaci, kalbi sevgi dolu egitmen, dunya gezgini, buyuk Turk, guzel dost, ve muhtesem insan Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan ‘in olum haberini dayanilmaz bir uzuntu ile almis bulunmaktayim.
    Prof. Mahmut Esat Ozan bedenen aramizdan ayrilmis olabilir, ama yazilari, fikirleri ve dusunceleri ile daima aramizda olacaktir. Yeri kalplerimizde, kafalarimizdadir.
    Esine, cocuklarina, ailesine, tum sevenlerine ve Turkish Forum’daki dava arkadaslarina bassagligi, sabir ve gucluluk diliyorum.
    En derin sevgi ve saygilarimla,

    Ergün KIRLIKOVALI

    Saygılarımızla
    www.turkishnews.com
    ——————————————–

    Cok degerli dostum ve ve Agabeyim, Turkish Forum Editorial Board Chairman’i , Turkun ve Turkiyenin tanidigim en kuvvetli savunucusu Sayin prof. Dr. Mahmut Esat Ozan aramizdan bedenen ayrilmisdir.

    Bu carsamba  sabahi saat 9:00’da 9uncu ayin 9 uncu gunu 2009 senesinde 88 yasinda aramizdan ayrilan sayin hocamizin .. Anisinda Florida Turk Amerikan Dernegi tarafindan Fort laudurdale’deki Turk Evinde bayramin birinci gunu (20-Eylul) Toren yapacakdir.. toren saati  Dernegin web sitesinde ( www.ftaa.org ) ilan edilecekdir.

    Esi ve kizina taziyet bildirmek isteyenler icin tel no: (305) 821-9718, (305) 556-3423

    Dernegin Adresi:

    Florida Turkish American Association

    3020 NE 32nd Avenue, Suite 123 – Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33308

    Tel: (561) 572-7788  Efax: (561)209-5954


    Son arzusu uzerine: Sayin Prof. Dr. Mahmut Esat Ozan’in Kulleri  Evansville Indiana’ da olan Aile mezarligina goturulecekdir.

    Esi Ruhan hanimin , Cocuklarinin Dostlarinin ve Tum Turkish Forum Uyelerinin Basi sag olsun

    Dr. Kayaalp Buyukataman

    Baskan, Turkish Forum

    Note: Prof Ozan Hakkinda Webde Arsivlenenler

    http://www.google.com/search?q=Mahmut+Esat+Ozan&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a

    Mahmut Beyin Ev Adresi

    ———————————————

    Mrs. Ruth Ozan

    6946 Holly Road.

    Miami Lakes Florida, 33014  USA

    ——————————-

    Ev Telefonu: 1 305 821 9718

    ————————————

    Hanimin E-maili: [email protected]

    —————————————-

    1952-with-bobe-hopeSayin M.E. Ozan Genclik Yillarinda Bob Hope ile birlikde Dokumanter yaparken

    ——————————————————————————————————————-

    Sayin Mahmut Esat Ozan Son Gunlerinde Saygi Deger Esi Ruht (Ruhan) Hanim Ile Birlikde.

    ——————————————————————————————————————

    Mahmut Esat Ozan ve Kaya Buyukataman ve Esleri Floridada Dernek Uyeleri ile Sohbet Toplantisinda 23 Temmuz 2006

    ————————————————————————————————–

    Nihat Canikli

    to ruhanozan, meozan, turkish-forum-.

    Izmir-Karsiyakali degerli insan, Turk davalarinin savunucusu Turkish Forum basyazari Mahmut Esat Ozan’in kaybindan dolayi uzgunum. Izmir’in Yunan isgalinden kurtarildigi 9 Eylul 1922’nin yildonumunde vefat etmesi de ilahi bir tesaduf olsa gerek. Bu vesileyle Turkish Forum’da Ataturk’un Izmir ve Karsiyaka’ya girisine dair nesrettigi yaziya asagida yer veriyorum.
    Allah rahmet eylesin. Ailesi ve sevenlerine bassagligi diliyorum.
    Nihat Canikli
    Ankara
    ***************************************
    ATATÜRK’S ENTRANCE INTO  IZMIR AND KARSIYAKA
    (HEPIMIZIN  9 EYLUL BAYRAMIMIZ KUTLU OLSUN !)Compiled by
    Mahmut Esat Ozan

    The Turkish Forum

    After a long and  most brutal military occupation by the Imperialist Forces of the Kingdom of Greece,  Izmir was finally liberated from the invaders on this day SEPTEMBER 9 , 1922
    Izmir having been liberated from the military occupiers, it was now embracing its savior, the great Veteran (Gazi)  Mustafa Kemal Pasha with great joy inspite of a savage and  vengeful fire which had started in the Armenian quarter of the city of Izmir.

    The next day, on Sunday, 10 September 1922, during noon, the great Veteran, having started from the small town of Kemalpasa, arrived at the Government Offices with magnificent majesty at 14:00 hours. Until the evening Atatürk quickly took care of problems of a city just saved from the enemy, and declared its freedom to the outside world by receiving foreign consulate missioners.  Then he started for Karsiyaka in the car presented to him by the people of Izmir, with a squadron of cavalry lancers in the front and back, he had with him Rusen Esref Ünaydin, and his aides-de-camp Muzaffer Kilic and Salih Bozok.

    Let’s listen to how Atatürk went from Izmir to the opposite side of the Bay to the section
    called Karsiyaka, from Rusen Esref Ünaydin who was right next to him at the time (Missing Atatürk: pp. 160-168):
    “A torrent of applause broke out around the car.  We were entering Karsiyaka.  What a greeting it was! Streets full of people did not care if they died under the feet of the cavalry lancers’ horses in the front and back of the car. Their cries frightened the horses and caused them to rear up.  People happily laughing… But also women sobbing with happiness to the point where they would faint with excitement…Some women leaning out
    from windows with shrieks crying out prayers for us.  Women hanging out of their
    windows and waving about their bodies like fluttering flags.  Inspite of not having grasped
    exactly what excitement of a victorious procession. Children who run towards the car
    holding small Turkish flags and roses, not worrying about being crushed under the feet of the horses…”

    This is how the Karsiyaka procession was. Turkey’s new destiny, its new logic, along with its victorious hero  Gazi Mustafa Kemal, who kept his word and realized his country’s aim was becoming crystal clear in the eyes of its people with such a magnificent sight.”

    * * *
    The above passage is from Yasar Aksoy’s book “KARSIYAKA.” The English rendition
    is   by Ms. Ilknur Dograr. The book was obtained through the courtesy of another “Izmirli”, and a good friend,  Ismail Ayduk of Greenacres, Florida
    [email protected]

    =======================================================

    ————-About Prof. Ozan———————————

    https://www.turkishnews.com/en/content/2008/10/28/about-prof-ozan/

    Mahmut Esat Ozan
    Turkish Forum Advisory Board member
    Chairmen Editorial Board Turkish Forum

    Country: United States of America

    Anyone, who attended Galatasaray during the years of 1933 to l943 would remember Mahmut Abi as a little boy who loved movies, especially American movies, and who would very often sneak out of his dormitory at night and go to the 3rd floor balcony of the school conference room where the older boys would be watching films, hoping they would let him in to watch, too, and they usually did.

    As time went on, he acquired as much information about America as he could. When he was in the 6th grade he prepared an American-style weekly magazine by hand, with even a cartoon and a crossword puzzle, and loaned it to be read among his classmates. He became an expert on American popular culture, especially on movies and songs. He became fluent in French and excelled in English. Owing to his association with the Jewish students in school he started to learn also another language,(Ladino) Spanish, and later on Portuguese. With a good mustache and correct hair cut, he earned the nickname of Donamec for the Hollywood actor Don Ameche, whom, everyone said, he resembled a lot at that time.

    After graduation, he spent three years as Muallim Muavini, a sort of a Teacher’s Aide at the school, then started writing articles for “PERDE ve SAHNE” published by Bedia Muvahhit, the favorite actress of the Turkish theatre in those days. He also worked 5 days a week for the Motion Picture Censor Board as a simultaneous translator/interpreter for English and French movies. Turkey was neutral during those Second World War days, but there had to be censorship, not to offend any of the countries involved. And while it was wartime, there was also martial law. After completing his military school training in Ankara, Mahmut Abi was assigned to work at the office of the General in charge of the State government under martial law, as an interpreter/translator. He continued his services at the Censor Board, but wearing his 2n Lieutenant’s uniform to work. His abilities in the area of foreign languages would be a great help for him throughout his life. While attending the University of Istanbul in preparation for the banking career his mother wished for him, his heart and head were much more interested in Cinema magazines than banking. He began writing regular articles for several dailies and movie magazines. Yildiz was one of them. Several years later while in Hollywood he conducted and sent close to 50 interviews with big time stars and celebrities. But long before that, in 1943 he even published his own publication called SINEMAGAZIN, an enterprise which gave him, if not monetary success, a great deal of experience in journalism. He had one burning desire, and that was to get to the United States to study. He researched every bit of information available on American colleges and universities entrance requirements, tuitions, and cost of living, and wrote his book, AMERIKAYA DOGRU, a guide for students wishing to study in America.

    Finally, in 1946, he received acceptance to the School of Journalism of the University of Indiana in Bloomington. This should have afforded him a happy student life, but, unfortunately, the money he had entrusted with a businessman relative placed his money in a stocks venture and lost it. Mahmut Abi in Indiana was being forced to return home. What saved him was the fact that he was the only Turkish student his professors and the members of women’s clubs had ever met, and by appearing before these groups, lecturing his audiences with color slide shows and explaining to them life in Turkey, he won several friends and a full scholarship to finish his degree in Journalism.

    For a brief moment, during the summer before his senior year, the Hollywood bug bit him again, and he drove to California, landed a job as assistant manager of the Grauman’s Chinese theater, where he helped with the movie premieres and stars with their shoes and hands imprints cast in wet cement. He applied to Ben Bard’s school of acting not to become a movie actor, but to learn the art of making movies. His biggest fantasy was to make an epic saga on the Conquest of “Constantinople” and the Turkish Sultan Mehmet II. This moment in paradise, however, came to an end when the Immigration Dept. caught up with him. He was told he was illegally working on a student visa, and had to return to his university in Indiana to finish his studies. It was Kismet that by going back to Indiana that Fall he was going to meet and marry his Ruhan. That was 48 years ago this past February.

    Mahmut Abi and Ruhan returned to Turkey in 1953. Being the very first Turk having received a degree in Journalism, he was offered the position to help establish the university’s Institute of Journalism. He was to set up operation, prepare curricula for the school and teach a couple of classes too, all for a grand total of T.L. 150 a month. The highest salary for a governmental minister in the capital was T.L.450, and the President of the University of Istanbul was paid T.L. 350 at the time. However, at the end he was told he could not get the job because the position he was offered was a government job and his wife was not a Turkish citizen. Knowing that today even the military officers have non-Turkish spouses, Mahmut Abi just smiles and does not even complain. any more. The next stop was Ankara. That job refusal previously in Istanbul landed him a much better and lucrative position at the U.S. Mutual Security Administration in the capital city of Turkey. He was hired on the spot as a Special Administrative Coordinator and Senior Interpreter. The MSA organization then was the precursor of the present A.I.D. He, as a specialist, was entrusted in preparing a wide variety of instructional pamphlets, the dubbing instructional films and guiding the American dignitaries on inspection tours of agricultural and energy producing projects of the programs. It was during one of those sessions when a Labor Law expert from the U.S. Department of Labor in Washington, DC sought his help in trying to find a name for the Turkish labor unions. The meeting was in its 6th hour. Nobody knew what to name a hitherto non-existent labor organization. Howard Schindler, the American labor relations expert, was getting a bit edgy. His Turkish counterparts wanted to use the term Lonca ,which he scorned upon, because its translation meant Guild and/or Corporation but not Labor. Finally, Mahmut Abi suggested the French name for it “Syndicat.” Within a few minutes the word Sendika was accepted and everyone went home satisfied with a new name in the Turkish alphabet.

    After the birth of their first child, Mahmut Abi changed course. Once more in the USA, and in Indiana, he returned to the University and completed his course work to teach Foreign Languages and Journalism, and began his career, teaching French, Spanish, Portuguese, Journalism, film making. He also trained scores of future Foreign Language teachers. He also initiated the very first Study Tours abroad in Florida Universities in the early 60’s. He Was among the few Floridians who founded FTAA, Florida Turkish-American Association for Cultural Exchange. He served as its second President for 5 years. Mahmut Abi is the author of a several pages long epic poem in French entitled: “Une page d’Histoire a Galatasaray” which will be published soon in France. His second epic poem called; “Si Pierre Loti Retournait Chez Sa Bien-Aimee,La Turquie was already put in a book form two years ago, in Nancy, France by the OLUSUM/GENESE literary magazine. The book also contains other interesting reading materials. Mahmut Esat Ozan retired as Professor Emeritus after 38 years of teaching. Although his dreams of producing a film on Ataturk, and the Conquest of Constantinople did not materialize, he made a good number of documentaries on a more personal scale. As for his journalistic drive, he found another theme that needed his attention and devotion. That theme is teaching the truth about his “Turkiye,” past and present to as many readers of the Turkish Times, English language newspaper, where he has been a columnist in the last 10 years, also local newspapers, and the Internet he can reach.

    You can contact him at the following e-mail address:
    [email protected]

    Sema Karaoglu, Founder
    [email protected]

  • Turkish-Abkhazia Ties Test Turkey’s Strategic Partnership with Georgia

    Turkish-Abkhazia Ties Test Turkey’s Strategic Partnership with Georgia

    Turkish-Abkhazia Ties Test Turkey’s Strategic Partnership with Georgia

    Publication: Eurasia Daily Monitor Volume: 6 Issue: 164

    September 9, 2009
    By: Saban Kardas
    The plight of the Turkish captain of a tanker intercepted by Georgian authorities while carrying goods en route to Abkhazia highlighted the dilemmas of Turkey’s position on the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict.

    Since the war last August, Georgia has blockaded the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and has intercepted various ships carrying Turkish goods. In the latest incident, a vessel transporting fuel to Abkhazia was captured by the Georgian coastguard on August 17. Following the seizure, the Georgian authorities took the captains, one Turkish and the other Azeri, into custody. On August 31, a Georgian court sentenced them to 24 years in prison. The ship was confiscated and brought to Batumi port to be sold in an auction (Today’s Zaman, September 6).

    Growing concerns over the fate of the Turkish captain generated domestic pressure on the government to free him, which prompted the involvement of Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu. The Turkish foreign ministry announced that Davutoglu would visit Tbilisi and that the government would do everything possible to secure the release of the captain. Meanwhile, on September 4, the shipping company paid a fee, and it was announced that an appeals court would reconsider the case. Davutoglu visited Tbilisi on September 7-8, and a Georgian court released the Turkish captain on September 8 (Anadolu Ajansi, September 8).

    The case highlighted tensions caused by similar practices by the Georgian authorities. Georgia has been seizing Turkish ships destined for Abkhazia, and in the past decade over sixty ships have been captured. Even prior to the latest crisis, representatives of Turkish exporters and Caucasian diaspora groups in Turkey raised concerns that the Turkish government was too complicit toward the “bullying” of the Georgian authorities.

    Ahmet Hamdi Gurdogan, the head of the exporters association in the Black Sea region, advanced several criticisms of Tbilisi (www.tekilhaber.com, August 25). First, he maintained that although Georgia claims to block all the trade routes to Abkhazia, Georgian coastal patrols cannot do anything against vessels carrying the Russian flag en route to Abkhazia. In a related charge, he argued that the Georgian patrol boats captured the Turkish ships in international waters, even in some cases immediately after they leave Turkish territorial waters. Therefore, Turkish exporters expect the government to flex its muscles, yet considering that Turkey supports Georgia’s territorial integrity and the Georgian embargo in place, the government might do little to stop the interception of Turkish ships in Georgian waters. Nonetheless, during his press briefing on the recent case, a spokesman for the foreign ministry expressed Ankara’s concern that some of the seizures might have taken place in international waters, and Georgia’s actions may violate international maritime laws (www.denizhaber.com, September 2).

    Turkish exporters also complain that the Georgians have turned such practices into an undeclared “piracy” in the Black Sea, since the Georgian authorities allegedly sell the vessels in auctions and demand large sums of money to release the crew of the captured ships. They also claim that in some cases, ships carrying humanitarian goods are also intercepted.

    The representatives of the Abkhazian diaspora in Turkey, also utilize similar arguments, and urge the Turkish government to lift its embargo. Turkey still supports the economic sanctions imposed against Abkhazia by the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Irfan Argun the Speaker of Caucasus-Abkhazia Solidarity Committee, for instance, maintained that the sanctions are creating a major humanitarian crisis in Abkhazia and that Turkey should end its policy of supporting the Georgian embargo and play a larger role in the resolution of the issue of Abkhazia (www.ajanskafkas.com, August 22). Around 500,000 Turkish citizens consider themselves to be of Abkhazian origin.

    At a more fundamental level, this crisis reflects the underlying dilemmas in Turkish policy on the Georgian-Abkhazian dispute. In an analysis published by the Ankara-based think tank close to the foreign ministry, the Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies, it was maintained that Ankara could no longer ignore the new reality in the region and act on the presumption that there was no problem relating to Abkhazia (www.orsam.org.tr, September 1). This line of thinking suggests that Ankara might need to redefine its policies toward the region. It justifies a redefinition with reference to the fact that if the present Georgian embargo continues, it might result in a situation whereby Abkhazia is forced to integrate itself into the Russian orbit both politically and economically. The best way to reverse such a trend, according to this view, would be to end the blockade of Abkhazia.

    Reflecting the demands of the Abkhazian diaspora, deputies from Republican People’s Party submitted a question to parliament. They lambasted the government’s silence and requested that the prime minister explain why the government still insisted on implementing the embargo (www.kafkasfederasyonu.org, August 22).

    Meanwhile, the Georgian attempts to implement the blockade have raised tension in the Black Sea region. The Abkhazian leader Sergei Bagapsh described the activities of Georgian ships in “Abkhazian waters” as piracy, and threatened to destroy them if Georgia did not cease its military activities (Anadolu Ajansi, September 2). A Russian foreign ministry spokesman warned Georgia about its practice of seizing commercial vessels, and said “attempts to enforce a sea blockade on Abkhazia could lead to a serious armed incident” (Anadolu Ajansi, September 3).

    Against this background, Davutoglu visited Tbilisi, where he met his Georgian counterpart Nikoloz Gilauri and President Mikheil Saakashvili. He held a lengthy meeting with Saakashvili about the release of the captain. Davutoglu described Georgia as a “strategic partner,” and reiterated Turkey’s support for its territorial integrity, and for Tbilisi’s NATO membership bid. Davutoglu said “We know very well that without ensuring Georgia’s peace and stability, it will be difficult to meet these goals in the South Caucasus” (Cihan, September 7).

    In addition to the necessity of responding to the demands made by domestic pressure groups, the risk of Georgian-Abkhazian tensions escalating into a destabilizing regional conflict energizes Ankara to address Georgian-Abkhazian problems. The Turkish government values its partnership with Georgia, but it is also under pressure to realign its policies in light of the geopolitical transformations in the region. It will represent a major challenge for Turkish diplomacy in the days ahead to engage Abkhazia without severing ties with Tbilisi.

    https://jamestown.org/program/turkish-abkhazia-ties-test-turkeys-strategic-partnership-with-georgia/