{"id":9210,"date":"2015-04-14T10:15:44","date_gmt":"2015-04-14T07:15:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/?p=9210"},"modified":"2023-04-05T10:21:03","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T07:21:03","slug":"tiflis-%c9%99mirliyind%c9%99-idar%c9%99etm%c9%99-sistemi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/2015\/04\/14\/tiflis-%c9%99mirliyind%c9%99-idar%c9%99etm%c9%99-sistemi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0130FL\u0130S \u018fM\u0130RL\u0130Y\u0130ND\u018f \u0130DAR\u018fETM\u018f S\u0130STEM\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"tiflis\"<\/a>R\u0259\u015fad Mustafa<\/strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

reshadmustafa@gmail.com<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi Tiflis \u0259mirliyi \u0259r\u0259b y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rinin ilk d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz vilay\u0259tinin idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin\u0259 tabe edilmi\u015fdi [5, 18]. G\u00fcman ki, bu d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259hz Tiflisd\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b cani\u015fininin \u0259miri oturur, buradak\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b qarnizonuna v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi. \u018fmir<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si d\u0259 y\u0259qin ki, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 olub. Tiflisd\u0259ki \u0259mirl\u0259rin v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259yin edilm\u0259si v\u0259 ya v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259n azad edilm\u0259si ilk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00fcman ki, C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 cani\u015finin \u0259mrind\u0259 idi. \u0130lk d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b ordusunun \u015fimal-q\u0259rb\u0259 do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f ed\u0259n ordusunun m\u0259rk\u0259zi g\u00fcc\u00fc Tiflisd\u0259 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn buradak\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b \u0259mirl\u0259r vaxt ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t qazanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. Bu \u0259mirl\u0259r h\u0259m ba\u015f komandan, h\u0259m idar\u0259\u00e7ilik aparat\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259ri, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259t m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 idi [6, 115; 8, 34]. Tiflisd\u0259ki \u0259mirl\u0259r eyni zamanda Msxetadak\u0131 g\u00fcrc\u00fc erimstavarlar\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t edir, onlardan cizy\u0259 vergisini al\u0131r, laz\u0131m olanda onlardan g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259r t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi. \u018fmirin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00f6vl\u0259ti idar\u0259 etdiyi v\u0259 iqam\u0259tgah kimi istifad\u0259 etdiyi saray\u0131 var idi. Saray bu g\u00fcnk\u00fc Tiflisd\u0259 Botanika ba\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xan yolun \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firdi [8, 34]. \u00c7ox t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, bu irsin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259sin\u0259 m\u00fcasir G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 dini v\u0259 milli siyas\u0259ti imkan vermir v\u0259 \u0259razid\u0259 arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar apar\u0131lm\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tiflis \u0259mirinin tabe\u00e7iliyind\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 Rustavi, Dumanis, Hunan kimi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 oturan, VIII-IX \u0259srd\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcasir G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq v\u0259 c\u0259nub \u0259razil\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n v\u0259 buradak\u0131 qo\u015funlara r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n \u0259mirl\u0259r d\u0259 var idi. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 \u0259mirin saray\u0131nda idar\u0259\u00e7ilik aparat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259msil ed\u0259n m\u0259murlar da var idi.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131, eyni zamanda Tiflisd\u0259ki \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259sinin \u0259n vacib v\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u015fihn\u0259<\/em> olmu\u015fdur. \u015eihn\u0259 \u0259mirin, sultan\u0131n v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqa i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n t\u0259yin etdiyi v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 onun maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyan h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259si olan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 olub. Ziya B\u00fcnyadov \u015fihn\u0259ni \u015f\u0259h\u0259r qarnizonunun r\u0259isi, polis v\u0259 c\u0259za d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri kimi xarakteriz\u0259 edib. G\u00fcrc\u00fc \u00e7ar\u0131 IV Davidin d\u0259 i\u015f\u011faldan \u00f6nc\u0259 Tiflis\u0259 10 min dinar vergi qoymaqla yana\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 10 n\u0259f\u0259r s\u00fcvari il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u015fihn\u0259 t\u0259yin etdiyi m\u0259lumdur. Bu v\u0259zif\u0259nin meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si S\u0259lcuqlularla \u0259laq\u0259lidir [1, 169]. Siyas\u0259tnam\u0259d\u0259 \u015fihn\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 layiq olan adam imtina ed\u0259rs\u0259 onu bu v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 zorla qoymaq haqq\u0131nda qeyd d\u0259 var [3, 60].<\/p>\n

Tiflisd\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlikd\u0259n m\u0259sul olan \u015furta<\/em> adlanan v\u0259 m\u00fcasir polisl\u0259rin funksiyas\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan bir qrup var idi. Onlar n\u0259inki \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259, eyni zamanda b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mirlikd\u0259 bu v\u0259zif\u0259ni h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onlara Sahib \u0259\u015f-\u015eurat ya da \u015fihn\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi v\u0259 bu da \u0259mir t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u0259yin edilirdi [8, 34].<\/p>\n

Muht\u0259sib <\/em>adlanan ba\u015fqa bir m\u0259mur m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t v\u0259 dini ad\u0259t \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259sin\u0259, bazarlarda qayda-qanuna, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r yollar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcz\u0259ldilm\u0259sin\u0259, vergil\u0259rin vaxtl\u0131-vaxt\u0131nda \u00f6d\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edirdi [8, 34]. Bu v\u0259zif\u0259 \u0130slam dininin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fundan qaynaqlan\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130slam xilaf\u0259tin\u0259 daxil olan h\u0259r yerd\u0259, eyni zamanda Az\u0259rbaycanda da rast g\u0259linirdi. Onlar \u201c\u0259mri bi-l maaruf v\u0259 n\u0259hy min \u0259l-munk\u0259r\u201d [yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259mr etm\u0259k, pislikl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kindirm\u0259k] devizini \u0259sas tutaraq f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdil\u0259r [10, 82]. \u0130slam dinini yax\u015f\u0131 bilm\u0259li olan muht\u0259sibl\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n f\u0259qihl\u0259r \u2013 \u0130slam h\u00fcququnun bilicil\u0259ri aras\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilirdi.<\/p>\n

O zamanlar Tiflis \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli ticar\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zi oldu\u011fundan v\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm ticar\u0259t yollar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 g\u00f6mr\u00fck vergisinin al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u015frib<\/em> adlanan x\u00fcsusi m\u0259mur da var idi. Amid<\/em> adlanan ba\u015fqa m\u0259mur \u0259mir saray\u0131n\u0131n yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na, d\u0259ft\u0259rxana i\u015fin\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi [8, 34]. B\u0259zi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Ba\u011fdadda amidin b\u0259z\u0259n \u015fihn\u0259 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259sind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etdiyi d\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr [1, 29]. M\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 is\u0259 \u0130slam \u015f\u0259ri\u0259tin\u0259 yax\u0131ndan b\u0259l\u0259d olan v\u0259 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri el\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n qaz\u0131lar<\/em> r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi. Onlar h\u00fcququn v\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n qoruyucular\u0131 hesab olunurdular. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259ll olunmas\u0131nda cami x\u0259tibl\u0259rinin<\/em> d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n rolu v\u0259 n\u00fcfuzu var idi. Bel\u0259 ki, 1122-ci ild\u0259 IV Davidin Tiflisi i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259rk\u0259n burada q\u0259tll\u0259r t\u00f6r\u0259tm\u0259m\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259hz x\u0259tib v\u0259 qazi onun yan\u0131na xahi\u015f\u0259 getmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk\u00fcn \u201cSiyas\u0259tnam\u0259\u201d \u2013 sind\u0259 qazi, x\u0259tib, muht\u0259sib v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k d\u0259y\u0259r verilmi\u015f, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndan yaln\u0131z v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 layiq olanlar\u0131n se\u00e7ilm\u0259si qeyd edilmi\u015f, onlara y\u00fcks\u0259k maa\u015f verilm\u0259si t\u0259\u015fviq edilmi\u015fdir. \u00c7\u00fcnki, m\u00fcs\u0259lamanlar\u0131n can\u0131, mal\u0131 onlardan as\u0131l\u0131 idi [3, 56] Tiflis qazil\u0259rinin aras\u0131nda \u018fla\u0259ddin \u00d6m\u0259r Tiflisi, \u018fbul Qasim Mahmud ibn Yusif Tiflisi, Huseyn ibn Muh\u0259mm\u0259d Tiflisi, \u00d6m\u0259r ibn B\u0259ndar Tiflisi kimi m\u0259\u015fhurlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lib \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r [2, s. 313, s. 314, s. 318, s. 320]<\/p>\n

Tiflis \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin \u0259halisinin is\u0259 \u0259mir yan\u0131nda \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rolu olan, vasit\u0259\u00e7ilik funksiyas\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan x\u00fcsusi n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri var idi. Bu n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259r r\u0259is adlan\u0131rd\u0131 [8, 34-35; 11, s.339, s.353; 7, 144-154]. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 r\u0259is t\u0259kc\u0259 \u0259mirl\u0259 \u0259hali aras\u0131nda vasit\u0259\u00e7ilik rolunu oynayan \u015f\u0259xs\u0259 deyil, eyni zamanda tacir v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkar birlikl\u0259rinin r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 deyilirdi. R\u0259isl\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u00f6vqey\u0259 sahib idil\u0259r v\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n bu postu irsi olaraq \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irirdil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u0259mirl\u0259rind\u0259n \u018fli bin H\u0259s\u0259n haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat veril\u0259rk\u0259n onun bu postu \u0259cdadlar\u0131ndan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, h\u00f6kmdar c\u0259sar\u0259ti v\u0259 sultan \u0259z\u0259m\u0259ti da\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilmi\u015fdir. H\u00f6kmdar v\u0259 \u0259mirl\u0259rin ondan qorxdu\u011fu, dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131nda \u0259min, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 qalib oldu\u011fu bildirilir. O \u00f6ld\u00fckd\u0259n sonra \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 r\u0259isl\u0259rin v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti pisl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdi. Bu hiss\u0259d\u0259n m\u0259lum olur ki, D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259 bir r\u0259is deyil, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 r\u0259is var idi v\u0259 onlar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin birba\u015fa r\u0259hb\u0259ri deyildil\u0259r [10, 104].<\/p>\n

R\u0259isin idar\u0259\u00e7ilikd\u0259 \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rolu oldu\u011funu Beyl\u0259qan\u0131n n\u00fcmun\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259rik. Bel\u0259 ki, \u201cM\u0259cmu\u0259tu q\u0131sas\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 M\u0259sud ibni Namdar Beyl\u0259qanda \u015f\u0259h\u0259rlil\u0259rin \u00fcsyan qald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vaxt o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 mustovfi v\u0259zif\u0259sini da\u015f\u0131yan M\u0259sudun \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etm\u0259 ist\u0259yin\u0259 r\u0259is qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f, ona v\u0259 ail\u0259sinin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin\u0259 tam z\u0259man\u0259t vermi\u015fdir. Dem\u0259li, bu r\u0259isl\u0259r h\u0259m \u0259hali, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259murlar aras\u0131nda \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u00f6vqey\u0259 sahib imi\u015fl\u0259r [10, 110]. G\u00fcrc\u00fc m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cTbilelni berni\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan Tiflis r\u0259isl\u0259ri is\u0259 daha da t\u0259sirli idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 sahib olaraq, \u0259n \u00e7\u0259tin anlarda \u0259mirl\u0259rin irsi hakimiyy\u0259tini \u00f6z \u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 ala bilirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 x\u00fcsusi a\u011fsaqqallar \u015furas\u0131 adlanan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin \u00f6nd\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259rinin t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi bir \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259clisi d\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. Bu m\u0259clisi y\u0259qin ki, \u0259halinin, tacirl\u0259r v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131n r\u0259isl\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259lav\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli din v\u0259 elm adamlar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Burada \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli yeri r\u0259isl\u0259r tuturdu. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259clisi \u0259n \u00e7\u0259tin anlarda q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul edir, \u0259mir\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7ilikd\u0259 yard\u0131m edirdi. H\u0259tta, \u0259mirliyin tarixind\u0259 el\u0259 vaxtlar olmu\u015fdu ki, s\u00fclal\u0259 daxili toqqu\u015fmalar zaman\u0131 a\u011fsaqqallar m\u0259clisi \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259\u00e7iliyini tamamil\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7irmi\u015f, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin bu kimi \u0259dav\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n ziyan \u00e7\u0259km\u0259sini qoymam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259 a\u011fsaqqallar \u015furas\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin taley\u00fckl\u00fc m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259llind\u0259 \u0259sas q\u0259rar ver\u0259n orqan olmu\u015f, laz\u0131m g\u0259ldikd\u0259 ba\u015fqa hakiml\u0259rin himay\u0259sin\u0259 girmi\u015f v\u0259 bu hakiml\u0259ri \u015f\u0259rait\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259ri se\u00e7mi\u015fdil\u0259r. Tarix\u00e7i \u0259l-Fariqi yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda qeyd edir ki, C\u0259f\u0259ril\u0259rd\u0259n sonra Tiflisi xalq \u00f6z\u00fc idar\u0259 edirdi. Tiflislil\u0259r \u00f6z aralar\u0131ndan h\u0259r ay bir n\u0259f\u0259ri idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn se\u00e7irdil\u0259r. Burada \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, kor-koran\u0259, p\u00fc\u015fk\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259r se\u00e7imd\u0259n, intizams\u0131zl\u0131qdan s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259 bilm\u0259z. G\u00fcman ki, idar\u0259\u00e7i ya \u015f\u0259h\u0259r a\u011fsaqqallar\u0131ndan \u2013 r\u0259isl\u0259rd\u0259n biri, ya da onlar\u0131n etimad etdiyi bir \u015f\u0259xs olurdu [9, 96].<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarix\u00e7isi \u015eota Mesxia \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259clisi idar\u0259 formas\u0131n\u0131 Avropadak\u0131 kommunalara b\u0259nz\u0259tmi\u015fdir [9, 96]. Bu idar\u0259 formas\u0131 q\u0259tiyy\u0259n Avropa \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259clisl\u0259rin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259mir, \u0259ksin\u0259 daxilind\u0259n h\u0259r ay bir n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 se\u00e7ilm\u0259si onun r\u0259is instituna daha \u00e7ox b\u0259nz\u0259diyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Eyni zamanda buna b\u0259nz\u0259r idar\u0259\u00e7ilik orqan\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox yerd\u0259 var idi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n 1049-cu ild\u0259 \u015e\u0259ddadi h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u018fbul H\u0259s\u0259n \u018fli II L\u0259\u015fk\u0259ri G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259fat ed\u0259rk\u0259n hakimiyy\u0259ti hacib \u018fbu M\u0259nsur \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi. \u018fbu M\u0259nsurun qalalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u0259 t\u0259slim etdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r r\u0259isl\u0259rind\u0259n Heys\u0259m ibn Meymun \u0259l-B\u0259is, ip\u0259k taciri Yusif v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin dig\u0259r \u00f6nd\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri qorumaqdan \u00f6tr\u00fc ona qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r v\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rlar [4, 208-209]. Y\u0259ni, eynil\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259ki kimi irsi hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259 idar\u0259 edilm\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq, G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259clisi v\u0259 r\u0259is institutu h\u0259ll edici rola malik idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 n\u0259 Tiflisi, n\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259clis v\u0259 r\u0259is olan dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259rq \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini Avropa kommunalar\u0131na b\u0259nz\u0259tm\u0259k do\u011fru deyildir.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, m\u0259lum olur ki, bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Tiflis yaln\u0131z xarici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r idar\u0259si sistemi il\u0259 d\u0259 tipik \u015f\u0259rq \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olmaqla Arran-Az\u0259rbaycan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri idi.<\/p>\n

M\u018fNB\u018fL\u018fR V\u018f \u018fD\u018fB\u0130YYAT<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B\u00fcnyadov Z. M. Az\u0259rbaycan Atab\u0259yl\u0259ri d\u00f6vl\u0259ti. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1984 \u2013 268 s.<\/li>\n
  2. N\u0259sirov E. Orta \u018fsrl\u0259rd\u0259 Ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 Aliml\u0259r. Bak\u0131: Nurlar n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131, 2011. \u2013 415 s.<\/li>\n
  3. Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk. Siyas\u0259tnam\u0259, — Bak\u0131: \u201cElm\u201d, 1989. \u2013 212 s.<\/li>\n
  4. \u015e\u0259rifli M. X. IX \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131-XI \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan feodal d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri, Bak\u0131: Elm n\u0259\u015friyyat\u0131, 1978. \u2013 344 s.<\/li>\n
  5. V\u0259lixanl\u0131 N. M. IX-XII \u0259sr \u0259r\u0259b co\u011frafiya\u015f\u00fcnas \u2013 s\u0259yyahlar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan haqq\u0131nda. Bak\u0131: Elm, 1974 \u2013 223 s.<\/li>\n
  6. G\u00fcrcistan Tarihi (Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7tan 19.Y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar) \u2013 Nikoloz Berdzeni\u015fvili, Simon Cana\u015fia [\u0130vane Cavahi\u015fvili]. \u0130stanbul: Sorun yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2.Bask\u0131, 2000. \u2013 304 s.<\/li>\n
  7. \u041b\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u041c. \u0414. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438 XI \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0447. XIII \u0432\u0432. \u0422\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0438: \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0446\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u00bb, 1974 \u2013 212 \u0441<\/li>\n
  8. \u041b\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0434\u0437\u0435 \u041c. \u0414. \u0422\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0438 (IV- \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e XII \u0432.). \u0422\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0438: \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u0426\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u00bb, \u0422\u0438\u043f. \u00ab\u0421\u0430\u043c\u0448\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u00bb, 1991 \u2013 112 \u0441.<\/li>\n
  9. \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0445\u0438\u0430 \u0428. \u0410. \u0414\u0438\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0422\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0438: \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0446\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u00bb, 1974 \u2013 124 \u0441.<\/li>\n
  10. \u041c\u0438\u0440\u0437\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u042d. \u0413. \u0413\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0430 (XI-XIII \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430). \u0411\u0430\u043a\u0443, 2002 \u2013 155 \u0441\u0442\u0440.<\/li>\n
  11. \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438 (\u0432 8-\u0438 \u0442.). \u0422.II. \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u044f \u0432 IV-X \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445 \/ [\u0420\u0435\u0434.: \u041c. \u041b\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0434\u0437\u0435, \u0414. \u041c\u0443\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438]. \u0422\u0431., \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u0446\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u00bb: 1988 \u2013 580\u0441.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    R\u0259\u015fad \u018fziz o\u011flu Mustafa \u2013 AMEA A.A.Bak\u0131xanov ad\u0131na Tarix \u0130nstitutunun doktarant\u0131<\/p>\n

    AZ\u018fRBAYCANM\u0130LL\u0130ELML\u018fRAKADEM\u0130YASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n

    TAR\u0130X\u00a0<\/strong>\u0130NST\u0130TUTU<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    ELM\u0130\u00a0<\/strong>\u018fS\u018fRL\u018fR<\/strong><\/p>\n

    2010, <\/strong>cild\u00a0<\/strong>34<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    R\u0259\u015fad Mustafa[1] reshadmustafa@gmail.com \u00a0 M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi Tiflis \u0259mirliyi \u0259r\u0259b y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rinin ilk d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz vilay\u0259tinin idar\u0259\u00e7iliyin\u0259 tabe edilmi\u015fdi [5, 18]. G\u00fcman ki, bu d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259hz Tiflisd\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b cani\u015fininin \u0259miri oturur, buradak\u0131 \u0259r\u0259b qarnizonuna v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi. \u018fmir s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si d\u0259 y\u0259qin ki, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 olub. Tiflisd\u0259ki \u0259mirl\u0259rin v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259yin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":9211,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,66,49,65,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-headlines","category-66","category-49","category-65","category-47"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9210\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/ru\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}