{"id":80804,"date":"2016-01-28T05:24:06","date_gmt":"2016-01-28T04:24:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/content\/?p=80804"},"modified":"2022-11-23T20:26:41","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T17:26:41","slug":"vast-underground-city-found-in-turkey-may-be-one-of-the-worlds-largest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/2016\/01\/28\/vast-underground-city-found-in-turkey-may-be-one-of-the-worlds-largest\/","title":{"rendered":"Vast Underground City Found in Turkey May Be One of the World\u2019s Largest"},"content":{"rendered":"
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By Evan Andrews<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n
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Officials in Turkey have announced the discovery of a massive underground city in the historic Cappadocia region of central Anatolia. The complex of carved rooms and tunnels was unearthed as civil workers began excavating for an urban renovation project in 2013, but its discovery was not made public until recently. Experts estimate the still-unnamed find may date as far back as 3,000 B.C., and they have already uncovered many artifacts and hidden rooms along with what may amount to several miles of tunnels\u2014many of them wide enough to drive a car through.<\/p>\n

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Turkey\u2019s Cappadocia region has long been designated a World Heritage site for its dazzling rock formations and more than 200 underground cities and villages, but according to government officials, a new discovery in Nev\u015fehir Province could be the most extraordinary ancient find to date. The previously unknown subterranean metropolis was discovered by accident during a massive urban renewal project by the Housing Development Administration of Turkey, more commonly known as TOKI. Workers had demolished several hundred buildings and begun prepping for new construction when they stumbled upon a honeycombed network of cave entrances, tunnels and hand carved chambers in the area surrounding a Byzantine-era hilltop castle. The construction project has now been indefinitely postponed, and engineers and researchers have descended on the scene to explore the site\u2019s labyrinthine interior.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is not a known underground city,\u201d TOKI President Mehmet Erg\u00fcn Turan told the Hurriyet Daily News, the English-language Turkish paper that first broke the story. \u201cTunnel passages of seven kilometers are being discussed. We stopped the construction we were planning to do on these areas when an underground city was discovered.\u201d<\/p>\n

Detailed information about the layout or condition of the city has been slow to emerge, but early estimates place the age of some sections at around 5,000 years old. Turkish officials claim they have removed several dozen artifacts from the chambers, and have reported discovering \u201cescape galleries,\u201d tunnels several feet wide and even what appear to have once been hidden places of worship. Nev\u015fehir Province is already home to Derinkuyu, an 18-story underground city that was once capable of housing around 20,000 people, but if early size estimates prove correct, the new site may be even bigger. Nev\u015fehir mayor Hasan \u00dcnver told the Hurriyet Daily News that the complex was so vast that other underground cities in the region would be the size of a \u201ckitchen\u201d if placed within it.<\/p>\n

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\u201cThe underground city [was found] in the 45 hectares of the total 75 hectare area that is within the transformation project,\u201d he said. \u201cWe started working in 2012 with the project. We have taken 44 historical objects under preservation. The underground city was discovered when we began the destruction in line with the protocol. The first galleries were spotted in 2013. We applied to the Preservation Board and the area was officially registered.\u201d<\/p>\n

Nev\u015fehir and the surrounding Cappadocia region have long been known as the home of what is perhaps the world\u2019s most exquisite collection of underground cities and villages. Several million years ago, intense volcanic activity shrouded the region under several layers of ash. Eons of erosion then whittled the deposits down into a spectacular landscape of conical rock formations and eye-catching spires known as \u201cfairy chimneys.\u201d Since this hardened volcanic rock, or \u201ctuff,\u201d was soft and highly malleable, it proved a natural building material for the region\u2019s ancient residents. Some 3,500 years ago, they began fashioning the hillsides into sprawling subterranean dwellings that featured apartments, stables, temples, ventilation shafts and even tombs. Some subterranean settlements such as Derinkuyu and the massive Kaymakli contained functional freshwater wells and stone doors for protection from invaders. Byzantine-era Christians famously used them as hideouts in the 6th century A.D., when Persians, Arabs and Seljuq Turks threatened the region from several sides. These holy residents left their mark on the cities in the form of religious frescos and underground chapels, many of which remain in good condition to this day.<\/p>\n

Just who first built the underground structures and when remains something of a mystery. Archaeologists suspect the Phrygians, Persians or 15th century B.C. Anatolian Hittites may be responsible, but since the caves are carved from natural rock, it is difficult to trace their construction to a specific date. The first written evidence of the mysterious cities is not found until the 5th century B.C. in the Greek writer Xenophon\u2019s \u201cAnabasis,\u201d which states that the region\u2019s houses consisted of \u201cunderground structures with an aperture like the mouth of a well by which to enter, but they were broad and spacious below.\u201d<\/p>\n

While researchers still know very little about Nev\u015fehir\u2019s newest subterranean city, they have begun to speculate on how it was used. \u00d6zcan \u00c7ak\u0131r, a professor in the Geophysics Engineering department at \u00c7anakkale Onsekiz Mart University near Gallipoli, is one of the experts involved in excavating the new find. He told the Hurriyet Daily News that the complex might have functioned as a space for storing and transporting food and produce. \u201cWe believe that people who were engaged in agriculture were using the tunnels to carry agricultural products to the city,\u201d he said. \u201cWe also estimate that one of the tunnels passes under Nev\u015fehir and reaches a faraway water source.\u201d A consistent underground climate of around 55 degrees Fahrenheit may have made the cave city an appealing location for preserving food. Even today, Turks in Cappadocia often use ancient underground buildings as storage for fruit and vegetables.<\/p>\n

The new city is not the first underground settlement to be discovered by accident in Turkey. The famed subterranean complex at Derinkuyu was only unearthed in 1963, after a man making renovations to his home found a stone passageway behind one of his walls. A similar event took place in August of this year, when an Anatolian man stumbled upon a massive subterranean chamber while cleaning the floors of his house.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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  • Tags<\/li>\n
  • Archaeology<\/li>\n
  • Turkey<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    By Evan Andrews Officials in Turkey have announced the discovery of a massive underground city in the historic Cappadocia region of central Anatolia. The complex of carved rooms and tunnels was unearthed as civil workers began excavating for an urban renovation project in 2013, but its discovery was not made public until recently. Experts estimate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":783418,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[3622,9920],"class_list":["post-80804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkey","tag-cappadocia","tag-kapadokya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80804\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/783418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=80804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=80804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}