{"id":734786,"date":"2021-10-26T15:52:35","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T12:52:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/tr\/content\/?p=734786"},"modified":"2021-10-26T15:52:35","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T12:52:35","slug":"100-years-ago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/2021\/10\/26\/100-years-ago\/","title":{"rendered":"100 YEARS AGO"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

100 YEARS AGO –  April 23, 1920<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guran Tatl\u0131o\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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April 23, 192<\/strong>1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

At the  end of the First  World War in 1918, the Ottoman  Empire was   defeated     with  Germany, the  victorious  states,  England,  France  and  Italy,    greece and  various  regions of  Turkey Had occupied,   including Istanbul  and  Izmir.  As the chief  occupier   of The Greek armies in Western  Anatolia,  bi r  many  villages,  towns  and  cities  settled,  seized  the rule of these places.  Greek  soldiers  began persecution of the indigenous  Turkish  people with the cooperation of   local  Greeks  and  Armenians, raped   women  and  girls,   tortures,  tattoos,    tresers  and  the killings   became  commonplace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The people were exhausted  and  tired. After years    of wars  and  defeats,  he was hopeful,  tired  and  poor. Devlet  management had   become a problem to ensure public order,    where  it  collapsed. Gangs were   made in an  environment like this. Some  of them  were intended to fight  against  the occupying     forces, oppose the  occupation,  rebelled to the Istanbul  government  that approved  the  occupation. Some  of   the gangs were just   bandit  –   with raids in this  chaotic  environment  – aimed at stealing  and  enriching  what they could steal from locals   with threats – and to enrichthem. Another    group   was commissioned by the      Istanbul  government to   oppose  resistance  to the invading insurgents.  In the country, some    of the     sultan’s supporters  were divided into two, and some wanted the patronage  of  Britain, the most  powerful  state of the time  ,  some of which was the American mandate.   Mustafa   Kemal  and  his friends  were fighting  an  independent  Turkey  and China against them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The parliament  in Istanbul,  which lived for 50  days  after the Mondros agreement,  was dissolved by padishah on  December  21,  1918. In 1920,  after a  year’s break,  it was  revealed that Mustafa  Kemal  would convene  a  parliament  in Ankara and the Ottoman  Assembly    reopened   in January  1920.  The   parliament, which could live for  months,  was disbanded by British  occupying  forces on 16 March  1920 , where MPs  were arrested  and  deported  to the island of Malta.  Finally, on  April 23, 1920, the Turkish  Grand  National  Assembly was opened in the honor of Mustafa  Kemal.  The      land  government   had decided  that fighting the occupying  forces   could only  be successful with  the regular  army .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Susurluk, Mustafa Kemal  Pasha ,  Bandirma,   Manyas,  Balikesir  and  Bursa  regionagainstthe  occupying  forces, from the end of the  war  from 1918,    Kuvvay-\u0131  Milliye name under the name local   Circassian  Ethem  is of particular  importance   among the groups that make guerrilla movements.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Circassian Ethem\u00a0 was born in Bandirma in\u00a0 1880.\u00a0 The salum was the youngest of\u00a0 \u00a0 Mr. Ali’s \u00a0 son, from the shallow\u00a0 Circassian\u00a0 neck. \u00a0 \u00a0 Two\u00a0 \u00a0 b-and-a-half \u00a0 \u00a0 brothers,\u00a0 Re\u015fit and Tevfik\u00a0 Beyler,\u00a0 graduated from Harbiye in 1901\u00a0 ve\u00a0 1902\u00a0 and\u00a0 joined the army of Osmanl. The other\u00a0 two\u00a0 brothers\u00a0 Ilyas\u00a0 and\u00a0 Nuri\u00a0 Gentlemen\u00a0 \u00a0 died fighting\u00a0 with\u00a0 Greek\u00a0 gangs.\u00a0 Mr.\u00a0 \u00a0 Ali did not want Ethem\u00a0 to join the army.\u00a0 However,\u00a0 Ethem\u00a0 \u00a0 came\u00a0 to Istanbul from Bandirma\u00a0 illegally and entered \u00a0 suvari\u00a0 little\u00a0 Zabit\u00a0 School in Bakirkoy ( Petty Officer\u00a0 School).\u00a0 The\u00a0 Balkan\u00a0 war also\u00a0 collided in the Bulgarian\u00a0 country\u00a0 and\u00a0 was awarded medals\u00a0 for its usefulness . The\u00a0 \u00a0 secret\u00a0 organization of the Ottoman\u00a0 Empire,\u00a0 led by\u00a0 Ashraf\u00a0 Birdbasi in the First\u00a0 World\u00a0 War, is a guerrilla\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 in Iran, Iraq and Afghanistan under the command of The Organization \u2013 Isusa he\u00a0 was involved in his wars and\u00a0 wounded. That’s\u00a0 why he had \u00a0 returned to the country.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15 M in     1920  after the Greek  army’s invasion of   Izmir,  Circassian  Ethem  in order to  protect  the homeland  kuvvay  \u2013  i  Seyyariye  under the name of guerrillaa  platoon  and  i   Start the fight  against  the Greek  troops.  At the         time, Circassian  Ethem’s  platozeleri  stood  in  someplaces for the greek army to advance or  pass. So he  helped   win the  time needed  to  establish the national  army .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co-operative Istanbul  government Prime Minister  Damat  Ferit  Pasha  , to prevent   the   National  Liberation  War,   armed  and  equipped  and  kuvva-  the head of the division  called    The Gods  The gendarmerie  major,  who was circassian,  brought Ahmet  Anzavur.  He started a  major  rebellion  against  the National  Liberation  forces in the Marmara region.    This riot movement called the”Anzavur  Rebellions”    soon    spread from Biga  to Balikesir.  He posed enough  threats to endanger   the National Liberation  Movement. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Ankara government  has mandated Circassian  Ethem  to  quell  this  insurgency.  Ethem,  who has    5,000  horse-drawn water   power,  has suppressed this  rebellion .      Gerede  and    Yozgat  riots,     which were the threat of the national  movement of the time,  also  suppressed the Incubators of Circassian  Ethem at the request of Mustafa   Kemal.  Circassian      Ethem,  meanwhile, caught and   punished greek  and pro-Istanbul eteas  and the bandits that robbed the people.  The person who   decided   to execute them  immediately  without  allowing the rebels to be tried – in a  sense,  a regular army                  necessary for an illegality and a confederate zionic war.    due to the establishment of themas,    ankara government    has been at odds.  He  refused  his offer to join thearmy.    He  defected  to greek incubators.  He  was sent to Izmir  and then  to Germany  for  treatment  by the Greekscoured . He was charged with treason  and  enteredthe 150s  list. Years    later, whenhe was   150,he didn’t  return the idea that he had not committed  a  crime with a crime. He leftthe   world in  1950,  alongside    a  relative in Jordan. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      At the end of the First World  War, the Batin     Anatolia,  Kuvvay-I  Milliye \u2013 National  Forces- the region that entered  our  position when the movement  began  ,includingvillages    )  was as  follows ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

   Turkish Greek Armenian  Jewish<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bandirma 46119 11.703  4030  –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erdek 11.143 20.815 186 252<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6nen 43. 472 1480  48  –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Edremit 39,906 – – 46<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bale 29. 043  1113 –  –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Burhaniye 23.100  215 –  –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quince 3.215  18.052  – –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Balikesir 158.380 2.129  2.682 –<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Izmir                            111.486            87.497            12.857     24.403<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Selek\u00a0 1,\u00a0 180\u00a0 appendix\u00a0 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This List Susurluk is not seen. Susurluk \u00c7erkez Ethem ve Anzavur Force Between Tan MuhareIronChen Ethem\u2019in Susurluk’ta Greek Occupied to the commander Delivered OlmaSi ve Anzavur’s Susurluk\u2019a up Come ve Susurluk Sulta, SultanMeadow\u2019in British Has Borasit Mine Reason With The Turn aroundemde Importance carries. Theirurluk’ta  Estimated Information Brat T\u00fcrk people yan\u0131s\u0131ra, bir Quantity Rum, Borasit in the mine Running 60  Armenian Family \u2013 200’e Close Armenian Population – ve Az Amount Of Jewish available idi. Greeks But\u015fatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2013 Cemetery \u2013 Is would be said.  Jewish is My father learned ( T\u00fcccardan HScientific Efendi). Grandpa (Helvaci zade Mehmet EfEndi  Muteber bir  Job adam\u0131 idi.  Grandpa ve Drool tah\u0131n hEleven factory, Bread Furnace ve Wholesale ve parakende Groceries Containing bir Job Instead ve Sizeable bir Farm sahipTi. 1902 Born the Drool in his youth Susurluk’ta bir From the Jew French Lessons ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n, Teacher i\u015fyerine gelip of this Gave he’d say.. Grandpa ve Drool Greek from the invasion of After their Starting Kuvvay-\u0131 Milliye To the transaction Fa\u00e7ade behind Kelly ve This troops yiywill ve For help they were found.. Greek Occupied Commander Family punish Internalin Drool\u0131 18 Years old  While, Same Case the Other Several young AboutBut Prisoners Got, Ago In Bandirma bir Salt in the warehouse tutuklam\u0131\u015f. Sonra Givesit Island Over Atina’already it’svkedilmi\u015fler ve AtinaOf Two Years Khumalo VI. Konstantinos Military  hastaneWithoutof maidship ve s\u00fcp\u00fcrgecilik they had it done.. Salvation  War After their Free b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar ve Again Girit Over T\u00fcrkiye’ye They’re here.. Dedemin Salvation War in the Fa\u00e7ade Rest Services Reason With  Old  T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Written Gazi Mustafa Kemal Signed Weight\u0131 the bir \u0130stiklal Medal available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inthe  final  years of the First   World  Harbinin the vicinity, the Greek  and  Armenian  riot  movements  beganto sprout. For example, the Armenian church in the center  of the city in   Bandirma  pa-apazI  Avadis  church  sermonsthat the civilized  and  infortifiable  Armenian  nation  owns  this  land  –  now  that the time  of  this he    said he was coming, that God wantedit to be. Toros,  a teacher of the Armenian  primary school  in the Armenian  church,  described himself  as  a warfighter of independence.  Pharmacist  Istepan    expressed   his longing for the  national  flag.  In  addition  to provoking the    Armenian  people, they were abetting armenians      fleeing the Ottoman army  and  allowing them to join  the Armenian    gangs.  Organization-i  Mahsusa  (Turkish  Secret  Organization)  Bursa’s  Ibrahim Bey  entered  into the ranks  as an  agent .In August  1917  he caught the bflours,  with  documents   the crimes   were  substantiatedin court and they were executed.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Upon  the Greek      army’s invasion of Izmir,the native  Greeksof Bandirma  built the Greek  flag  Zafer  Tak, thinking that Greek  forces would come to Bandirma  and  beganto wait for  them . Along with    many  places in the Marmara  divide, there were scout  arms  led by  “Mavri  Mira” for  Bandirma  Rum  schools. Until he was 20,    Greek  youth  were joining them.  Pictures of Yunan  prime minister     andnizelosin the city and  Greek  flags were the original. Ottoman  h\u00fccluster  remedywasnot. In Bandirma,  theaskeri  and  the property  management  were incapable  of  greek  aggression. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kara Hasanfor 200\u00a0 people in the area to disrupt\u00a0 security in\u00a0 Biga, \u00a0 Edincik\u00a0 and\u00a0 circassian\u00a0 bandit\u00a0 Deli \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc,\u00a0 Karacabey\u00a0 \u00c7ambaz\u00a0 \u00a0 Hakki,\u00a0 Anzavur,\u00a0 Biga’da\u00a0 \u00c7erkez Sefer Bey,\u00a0 In Balikesir,\u00a0 the bandit’s\u00a0 troops attached to The Drama’s\u00a0 Riza\u00a0 Bey\u00a0 were causing\u00a0 their movements .\u00a0 Bandirma,\u00a0 G\u00f6nen,\u00a0 Susurluk\u00a0 Bdetained,\u00a0 edremit\u00a0 and\u00a0 ayvalik\u00a0 was made possible\u00a0 to make the journey as soonas there was no\u00a0 robbery. \u00a0 Therewas always\u00a0 a\u00a0 French\u00a0 warship\u00a0 \u00a0 in B andanma.\u00a0 \u00a0 The\u00a0 French-run\u00a0 B-m-Izmirsaw this\u00a0 as a fact for the protection \u00a0 of the railway.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to the  Circassian  and  Turkish  bandit    gangs,  the Greek  thug  was oneof the  reasons for  the deteriorationof security .   Local  Greek     gangswere   mostly    active  around  Erdek,  Bandirma  and  Marmara Island, where they   persecuted the local  Muslim  people.   These  gangs were joinedbyYunanpeople   from   the island of  Sisam,  who wore   native  Greek  dresses .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

With         the coordination   of opposing  movements  and the  purpose   of implementing  a  general  policy,  the inter-congressional  conventions were to be convened . Sivas  Congress on July  23,  1919,  First  Balikesir  Congress on July    26,    Erzurum  Congress closed on August 7 th n azilli,  August 16    Ala\u015fehir  and  18  days  Then the Sivas  Congress  convened. These  congresses        were the basis   of mustafa kemal    pa’n’n’n’nnational state  establishmenttargets. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

  After the occupation of Izmir, Circassian  Ethem  G\u00f6nen,  Manyas,Balikesir  and   Bandirma n,  probably the villages of \u00c7erkez  in Susurluk  Sultanmeadow,  Aziziye  and  Demirkapi villages    and      Borasit   madeni’s work by summoning the Circassians  he knew,  formed a  unity of 2,000  people.  Later,  this  union    reached 5,000  people.  They  set up a  defensive  line   in  Salihli,where the first Bird\u00e7uba\u015f\u0131  Ashref  Bey’s  farm is located.  The Farm  Organization  \u2013    was the center of The Mahsusa.   They  then  provided important  services in suppressing    internal  disturbances  and  riots,  initially    in the Marmara  region.  But  these  Circassian  Ethem  forces  were commanded on their own, in a  sense  the disdemeanor      procession.  They’re also involved in thefat ma and  persecution    movements. Kisishand  and  social  relations  were processed according to the tribal  rules of the Circassians.  Duzce,   Konya,and  Yozgat  rebels  played a role in the raid. It is also   known that when they enter a house      under the pretext of looking for  weapons,  women go hand-to-hand  to crates  and  jewelry – and they’re not goingto be able to get into the house.  Since there was no  military    force in Ankara,  they     were cherished.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 One of  themoments of pre-em  events in the region is the cherkez  Ethem  ,  Anzavur  Ahmet  \u00e7horse. Anzavur  ahmet was  one of the branchesof the Circassians  who settled  in Biga in Marmara Bolgesi, he was in service  as a gendarmerie  man in  his youth, followed   by e\u015fkiya.  He  participatedin the follow-up of Cakircal\u0131,  who was derived  between Aydin and \u00d6demi\u015f  and    eliminatedin the early  years  of legitimacy.  So he went up to  the gendarmerieand went up to the regimental  captaincy.  Some  corruption was  referredto the nedenide  dispenser .  Anzavur  Milli  M\u00fccadele’s  most  buddhist  days  becamea source of unrest  and crow’s wand  . He was ignorant  and  conservative.  He was  a  tally, a gang maker with    no  laws and  no order.  He    completedhis gang with the  release   of the prison-bound  inmate- the first time he’s been convicted of murder.  With the support of the British  and  the palace, it has sparked  riots  and  posed serious  dangers  where the occupying  authorities  wanted it. At one  point,  izmit  mutasarrafghina,    an  office between the governor’s  office and the prefecture,   was appointed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anzavur’s matings beganon September\u00a0 21,\u00a0 1919.\u00a0 He showed up \u00a0 after the Sivas\u00a0 Congress.\u00a0 \u00a0 Greek\u00a0 troops\u00a0 coming from Izmir had not yet\u00a0 reachedthe rebel\u00a0 zone.\u00a0 I. On November\u00a0 2, 1919, susuren enteredthe Susuriaand G\u00f6nen on November 12,\u00a0 1919,\u00a0 in what is \u00a0 called the Anzavur\u00a0 rebellion.\u00a0 Gir\u0131\u00a0 Susurluk,\u00a0 Manyas,\u00a0 Ulu abat,\u00a0 Kirmast\u0131\u00a0 ( Mustafa\u00a0 Kemeal\u00a0 Pasha),\u00a0 G\u00f6nen\u00a0 sides\u00a0 allaa. \u00a0 \u00a0 In the \u00a0 villages\u00a0 and\u00a0 towns\u00a0 he occupied,\u00a0 hegatheredpeople in mosques-\u00a0 the squares, the military service\u00a0 ,the soldiers\u00a0 should return to their hometowns –\u00a0 \u00a0 or\u00a0 join him, Kuvvay-\u00a0 he \u00a0 declared\u00a0 that I Milliye\u00a0 had “Alliance\u00a0 and\u00a0 Terakki” \u00a0 bandits, that\u00a0 they would be erased, that there was no\u00a0 sultan’s\u00a0 consent to stand up to the Greeks.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kazim \u00d6zalp’s   61st division  in Balikesir and The 56th Division of Bursa’s  Bekir Sami  Bey with horsemen  and  pedestrian  soldiers  and  threethousand national   forcerle on November  15,  anzavur’u  susurluk around thevicinity. He pulled from the field  with 30  dead.  He was forced  to clash November 16\/17 . It’s afairymoment.  1.Anzavur    resultedin his  defeat in everye-kmeat.  2.The      so-called Anzavur movement  began on February  16,  1920. This  movement,  which began in Biga,  spread rapidly to  Gforeen,  Susurluk,  Kirmasti  and  Bandirma. G\u00f6nenliler  200-strong    Governor  Rahmi  Bey joined forces  and  made a defense.  Rahmi  bey,   Mufti,   Mayor and  many    people from the people  were killed.  Bandirma  commander,   who is circassian,  Yusuf  Izzet  Pasha  was withdrawnto   Bursa.  Anzavur  completely  dominated   the area where he was found.  He entered Bandirma  easily   because of his native businessmen.   Anzavur  is  everywhere,  “The  Koranin my chest,  faith  in my heart, horse  in thestadium,i have dedicatedmy commitment to working for religion.  O  people,    comebehind my back.  Caliph  army,  Kuvvay-I will ruinthe Milliye  bandit.  Kuvvay-I  will establish Muhammadiye ,  Mustafa  Kemal is a  traitor”   he was walking aroundtherek.  He had his back on the sultan  and the Greek  forces. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

On  April 15, 192,the National  forces \u2013  Circassian  Ethem  forces-  defeated                              the anzavur and Gavur Imam forces, who are alleged to have been for 5,000 people, in the Tashbridge area between Susurluk Kirmasti . The  forces weretight-knit.       The rebels  took refugeon British  ships  in  Bandirma  and  Karabiga.  They  foughtthe National  forces around  Adapazari for a while.  Circassian  Ethem  clearedthe area from the rebels . He processed coffee tables in Bandirma.  Circassian  Ethem  and his older brother  Tevfik Bey set up the gallows  in towns    and   subordinated many    rebel  men.     A  week  later, on April  23rd,   the Turkish  Grand  National  Assembly was openedin  Ankara.    This   success of Circassian Ethe   m  made him a very  important  person, respected    , in the absence of the milli  army . Circassian  Ethem’s defeat of the Anzavur  and  Gavur  Imam  forces is an  important  pointof Kurtulu\u015f  Sava\u015f\u0131.  If  otherwise  it was  Padisah  and  the Occupy  forces gained   great morale, the establishment  of a regular army would have been too   late. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since thebandirma  was   on the coast of  marmara, the   Straits  were considered to be the statusquo and  hhad not been underthe full  dominance of  an internal  power.  It  was more  of a  town where the National  Forces  mentioned   it. Sometimes  Anzav   wasthe  scene   of    the  attackby British  soldiers  going to the port  after the abduction of the Akbas  ammunition. The Greek  birlikleri, who entered  Bal\u0131kesir  with the “Zafer  March”    campaign launched on June 22,  1920, added a bfor a  while  to  recover.  The Greek  Commander,  who is  confident that Turkish  troops  were disbanded,  went to  help  theb-altitudes  in Balikesir.     Thessaloniki,  Dedea\u011f     hungry, and the soldiers  they brought  from Iske\u00e7e, on July    2,  1920  at 5:00  a.m. by taking ships to the ports of Bandirma  and  Erdek,   isgal these places   he did. They didn’t meet enme   in Bandirma.  He   has developed operationsin the direction of Karacabey and  Susurluk . Greek  Commander-in-Chief  Paraskevopulos arrived in Nanisma on July  5th,  three  days  after  the invasion,  while   Greek  Kyreg  tantdha konstantin  arrivedin B on July 6th.   (Aybek,  173-174)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When Circassian \u00a0 Ethem\u00a0 came to Ankara\u00a0 after the \u00a0 appointment to bathe the Yozgat\u00a0 rebellion, he was\u00a0 greeted\u00a0 and\u00a0 compensated\u00a0 \u00a0 by\u00a0 Mustafa Kemal\u00a0 Pasha, after the\u00a0 Yozgat\u00a0 rebellion wasstirn. \u00a0 When he returned to\u00a0 \u00a0 Ankara with his forces, Circassian\u00a0 Ethem\u00a0 bey\u00a0 and \u00a0 his \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 brothers,\u00a0 ” with theg-showsmade\u00a0 to them in Ankara,\u00a0 even in the capital \u00a0 of\u00a0 Anatolia, Honor \u00a0 and the men\u00a0 who have\u00a0 power are knitted… \u00a0 Ethem\u00a0 and\u00a0 his brothers\u00a0 were right to \u00a0 consider\u00a0 themselves masters of national revolution..\u00a0 According to the thoughts, the\u00a0 whole\u00a0 national\u00a0 Anatolian\u00a0 presence was livingwith the force of their\u00a0 rifles of parliament\u00a0 and the Government ”\u00a0 (Sener,53)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The conflict    with the  Ankara  government has grown after  proposals   to  join thenational military  and  rejected  proposals for arabulupeople. On  December 27,  1920,Mustafa Kemal   telegraphedto Colonel  Ismet  Beye,  commander of the BatFront,    and  Refet Bey, commander of the Southern  Front, who said: “I don’t know what you’re doinghere. ”     (Balikesir  mebusu  Vehbi,  Saruhan  mebusu  CelalBayar,  Ethem’s abeyi  Saruhan  Mebusu  Re\u015fit   Bey,  Formershir mebusu  Eyup  Sabri,        Antep  mebusu K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Ali ( the advice  board covering theanswer)-  The Kuuvvayi-\u0131  Seyyare  work  can no longer  be solved through  peace  and  politics the   work    and  the problem has   been resolvedby  force  less. There is  noneed to inform Parliament   of the final phase of this- and that’s not the first timewe’ve been able to do so.     If we succeed, there   isno doubtthat the Assembly  will approve of what we do.  We have    enough  documents  and  evidence  to  prove that we are entitledto”. (Sener, 106)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal Describes the situation    in the 543-547.ci  of Nutuk;  “The         masters,  Kutahya,   the decision of the delegation  to the deputy and the need for the prey  of  the delegation to communicate the needfor  the front line  commanders against the rebel Etem and his brothers to act on the operation against the rebel  Etem  and  his  brothers I ordered it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 The masters- the military of the           operation, the capulsion   and the state  of the state,    the unjust  children of this to beg the ransom to the  mountains, who think it is a  thuggery.             Trace the whole  Turkish  homeland with their charlatans,  clamors,  and  the Turkish nation’s  Grand  National  Assembly with them, the inadequacy,  the  unjust  and any enemy  These             brothers,  who  have enough  pests  and private medicine storing their stobs, have the utmost  strength  and  istin their  hands,   including    the enemies they have.              in our historyof inkilap,  recording  as   an  exemplary  muessire, was  seen as essential  “…  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

When the board was a guest of K\u00fctahya’da  Circassian  Ethem,  on December  29,  1920,   Ethem was drawn  to hisroom, and when the nervouserwas  too  corrupt, he told parliament  that he was full of  heavy  accusations.     sent; “Thereis no way to  continue  fighting  in these  wastes .  Even though    you’ve been in constant  meetings  for a year  –  the  biggest    job you’ve done  in the time –  it’s been to increase your own  foodto 300-400  liras . I think    you’ve been  informed of the sedition  that’s been in the army for months ,  butwith a  secret  session,   you’ve had the courageto resolve  and  prevent  them … H\u00fc k \u00fcmet  members are a member of each of them who have sacrificed   your    holy  grev to your  personal interests by being sycophantsto each of them.. ”  (Ethem, 176)  wrote. Circassian  Ethem  later stated    in his memoir that he regretted    sending  this  telegram. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa Kemal   continues   in Nutku  (Speech, 545);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

”\u00a0 Masters,\u00a0 in this\u00a0 telgramnesty,\u00a0 a\u00a0 delusion called the protest name,\u00a0 was indeed\u00a0 drawn to the parliament\u00a0 rial\u00a0 and\u00a0 readto parliament in a \u00a0 \u00a0 trial. The\u00a0 elfaz \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 and\u00a0 phrase used in this –\u00a0 \u00a0 so\u00a0 galiz\u00a0 and\u00a0 so\u00a0 \u00a0 biedeba – once it was read\u00a0 \u00a0 ,\u00a0 could not tolerate reading and\u00a0 using it \u00a0 again.\u00a0 I don’t see such\u00a0 a\u00a0 despicable \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 delusion, and i don’t seeit as a must-have in your presence.\u00a0 With this\u00a0 delusion,\u00a0 \u00a0 insulting\u00a0 the individuals of the mebus, the legitimacy of the\u00a0 Assembly of the National was violated,\u00a0 \u00a0 and izzet Pasha delegation was demandingthe release\u00a0 \u00a0 of the movement\u00a0 to Istanbul.”\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Circassian Ethem  forces  2326  militias  – 200  of them infantry-  159. The  exact  presence of the regiment was 4650  people,  6  machine  guns,  4 guns.  There  have been clashes with Western Front  Commander  Ismet  and The Southern  Front  commander,  Refet  Be.       The    national   army,  meanwhile,  wonthe Victoryof I.     On January 11,  1921,  the Greek  army was finally  withdrawn    from the defeat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

There were three  options  for Circassian Ethem ; To  surrender  to the  army, to choose freedom  by  climbing the  mountain and to fight, to seek refuge  in the Greeks.  Mr. Ethem  sends his brothers  and his  aide,  Mr. Sami,   to meet with the Greeks.  Cut the fire  is signed. He seeks   asylum for the Greeks.  The Yunans  accept    his  terms  . First,  his brothers  Re\u015fit  and  Tevfik  Gentlemen take refuge.   As for   their  health,   he    decides to take refuge.  25  officers  and  700  troops    moveto the Greek  side.  Others  are released. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Mr. Ethem cannot carry out any kind   of  asylum.   He is drawnto the mountain  with his  elite  50-strong contingent.     Manyas     ,  Stirdirg\u0131-  Susurluk  mountain  villages  stay for  a  while  and  friendsand friends are forced to stay in the Greek  kuvetts  due to the   forced conditionsof housing is found. They deal with Alexander, the Greek  Governor  from Susurluk, through  an  Armenian  interpreter  in the village of  Bir  Yoruk . They  cometogether to  Susurlu. In the   government mansion of Susurluk –  now the site of the statue of Ataturk, the  flag  pole  and the c.E.moon  garden \u2013 Circassian  Ethem  surrenders  to the Greek  commander.  His friends  are leftin their village with their guns.  His   brother  Tevfik  Bey,   who came to the susur,  governor Alexander, Tevfik  Bey’s  escort  officer  Yorgiyadis,   \u015eevket  Bey  and a few  friends  together  with  Circassian  Ethem  Susurluk  At the station    (opening   December  16, 1912) theysayto move  to Izmir by taking the train on a  day in late  February  1920. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The   Borasit     mine                                  in Susurluk, which has a very important place in Turkish Economic History until the First World War and beyond, was established on October 29, 1923, in The Republic of Turkey. faced many    difficult  problems in terms of production,  transportation,  and  management.   He changed hands  a couple of  times.  But  despite  all  the problems,  he continued to exist.  He  then made new  agreements  with  the Republican  government.  Borax,  which was placed in buckets  with the air  lineof the Borasit  Mine, was on its way to Omerk\u00f6y  station.  The thick steel  rope,  which provides this air  line  4.5 km  long,    was usedto close  the  Dardanelles  during the First  D\u00fcya  war. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resources;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kemal Ataturk; Lecture  I,II, Turkish Revolutionary History  Institute,Istanbul, 1960<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Selcuk Aybey; Salvation at the End of the  Barrel,Istanbul, 2006<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Circassian Ethem; My memories,    the prepared; Nermin  Taylan; Our  Books,Istanbul, 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sabahattin Selek; National  Struggle  I,II,Formal  Publications,1982<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cemal \u015eener; Circassian  Ethem  Event,Any  Publications,Istanbul,1986<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nurer Ugurlu; Kuvayi  Seyyariye,Formal  Publishing House,Istanbul,2007<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

100 YEARS AGO –  April 23, 1920 Guran Tatl\u0131o\u011flu At the  end of the First  World War in 1918, the Ottoman  Empire was   defeated     with  Germany, the  victorious  states,  England,  France  and  Italy,    greece and  various  regions of  Turkey Had occupied,   including Istanbul  and  Izmir.  As the chief  occupier   […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":69693,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[10615],"class_list":["post-734786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkey","tag-23-nisan-1920"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/734786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=734786"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/734786\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/69693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=734786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=734786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=734786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}