{"id":667353,"date":"2019-08-25T17:47:11","date_gmt":"2019-08-25T14:47:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/tr\/content\/?p=667353"},"modified":"2019-08-25T17:47:11","modified_gmt":"2019-08-25T14:47:11","slug":"the-f-35-inside-americas-dysfunctional-trillion-dollar-fighter-jet-program","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/2019\/08\/25\/the-f-35-inside-americas-dysfunctional-trillion-dollar-fighter-jet-program\/","title":{"rendered":"The F-35 &#8230; Inside America\u2019s Dysfunctional Trillion-Dollar Fighter-Jet Program"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<article id=\"story\" class=\"css-1ygeb3d e1qksbhf0\">\n<div id=\"fullBleedHeaderContent\">\n<header class=\"css-1vud2fq eh9dnoj0\">\n<div class=\"css-1wl6clm\">\n<figure class=\"sizeFull layoutHorizontal css-1tdrw34\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-22r5lt\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1bi5xd7\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-04\/21atwar-F35-image-04-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-04\/21atwar-F35-image-04-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-04\/21atwar-F35-image-04-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-04\/21atwar-F35-image-04-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Airmen performing pre- and postflight inspections on the F-35A Lightning IIs at Mountain Home Air Force Base in Idaho.\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"css-17ai7jg emkp2hg0\"><span class=\"css-i48y28 e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">Airmen performing pre- and postflight inspections on the F-35A Lightning IIs at Mountain Home Air Force Base in Idaho.<\/span><span class=\"emkp2hg2 css-6mpy6q e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit<\/span><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Credit<\/span>Anne Rearick for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-umkxhb\">\n<div class=\"css-1vkm6nb ehdk2mb0\">\n<h1 id=\"link-3e557878\" class=\"css-19fn0t3 e1h9rw200\"><span class=\"balancedHeadline\">Inside America\u2019s Dysfunctional Trillion-Dollar Fighter-Jet Program<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-12vbmur e1wiw3jv0\">The F-35 was once the Pentagon\u2019s high-profile problem child. Has it finally moved past its reputation of being an overhyped and underperforming warplane?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"css-nwzfg5 e1xwzt920\">\n<p class=\"css-14xmeol\"><span class=\"css-1f9pvn2 magazine\">Airmen performing pre- and postflight inspections on the F-35A Lightning IIs at Mountain Home Air Force Base in Idaho.<\/span><span class=\"emkp2hg2 css-6mpy6q e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit<\/span><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Credit<\/span>Anne Rearick for The New York Times<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-3016mu e1xwzt921\">\n<div class=\"css-acwcvw epjyd6m0\">\n<div class=\"css-vp77d3 epjyd6m2\">\n<div class=\"css-1baulvz\">\n<p class=\"css-1mzrtyv e1jsehar1\">By <span class=\"css-1baulvz last-byline\">Valerie Insinna<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"css-1xtbm1r epjyd6m3\">\n<li class=\"css-i49r68\">\n<div class=\"css-3486v e16638kd1\">\n<p><time class=\"css-1sbuyqj e16638kd4\" datetime=\"2019-08-21T05:00:03-04:00\">Aug. 21, 2019<\/time><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-4xjgmj\">\n<div class=\"css-d8bdto\" role=\"toolbar\" aria-label=\"Social Media Share buttons, Save button, and Comments Panel with current comment count\" data-testid=\"share-tools\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">On the morning of June 23, 2014, an F-35 burst into flames just moments before its pilot was set to take off on a routine training mission. He heard a loud bang and felt the engine slow as warning indicators began flashing \u201cfire\u201d and other alerts signaled that systems in the plane were shutting down. Witnesses at Eglin Air Force Base near Pensacola, Fla., reported seeing the pilot escape from the cockpit and run away from the fighter jet, which was engulfed in thick plumes of black smoke. It was the first major mishap involving a F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, and it couldn\u2019t have happened at a worse time.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">In less than a month, the F-35, America\u2019s high-profile next-generation fighter jet, was poised to make its international debut in Britain at Farnborough Airshow, the second-largest event of its kind in the world. Officials from the Pentagon and the aircraft\u2019s manufacturer, Lockheed Martin, had eagerly anticipated the opportunity to show off a working, flying F-35 after a decade of delays and spiraling cost overruns.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The F-35 initiative is the Defense Department\u2019s most expensive weapons program ever, expected to cost taxpayers more than $1 trillion over its 60-year lifespan. It\u2019s also the United States military\u2019s most ambitious international partnership, with eight other nations investing in the aircraft\u2019s development. Its advocates promised that the jet would be a game-changing force in the future of war \u2014 so much was riding on its success that a program cancellation was not an option. And yet for years it seemed as if the F-35 might never make it beyond its development phase.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Christopher Bogdan, the Air Force lieutenant general in charge of the program at the time of the fire, received a call about the incident within the hour. His first reaction was relief that it had been detected before takeoff, a stroke of good fortune that allowed the pilot to escape uninjured. \u201cIf that engine problem would have occurred 30 seconds, 60 seconds, two minutes later, that airplane would have been airborne,\u201d Bogdan said in a recent interview. \u201cHeaven knows what could have happened then.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\">\n<div class=\"css-ke163a\" data-testid=\"article-companion-wrapper\">\n<div id=\"newsletter-module\" class=\"css-48vsi0\">\n<div class=\"css-1k9ek97\">\n<div class=\"css-1hdd06o\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13v6p0e\">Sign up for The New York Times Magazine Newsletter<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-utmy9y\">The best of The New York Times Magazine delivered to your inbox every week, including exclusive feature stories, photography, columns and more.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">An investigation of the incident determined that a fan blade in the jet\u2019s engine had overheated from friction and cracked, throwing off fragments of metal that punched through the fuselage, severed hydraulic and fuel lines and ignited a spray of jet fuel. Officials couldn\u2019t guarantee that other F-35s wouldn\u2019t have the same problem, and they didn\u2019t want to risk a potentially catastrophic fire during a trans-Atlantic flight. The F-35 never made it to Farnborough that year, and the public-relations coup that Pentagon and Lockheed officials had hoped for turned into another round of ammunition for the plane\u2019s critics.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">It was one more bad news story for a controversial program that had been dogged by bad news.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Slowly, though, the program and its reputation have improved over the ensuing five years. Lockheed has now delivered more than 400 planes to American and foreign militaries, and the unit cost per aircraft has dropped significantly. In 2018, the F-35 completed its first combat operation for the Marine Corps in Afghanistan. The Air Force used it for airstrikes in Iraq about six months later. Later this year or in early 2020, the F-35 will go into full-rate production, with Lockheed expected to churn out 130 to 160 or more planes per year, a huge step up from the 91 planes delivered in 2018. That production milestone will be a symbolic turning point for the program, evidence that major problems that plagued the Joint Strike Fighter in the past are now history.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Yet even as the program plows forward, unresolved technical issues have continued to emerge. In June, my colleagues and I at Defense News reported that the plane still faced at least 13 severe technical deficiencies during operational testing, including spikes in cabin pressure, some rare instances of structural damage at supersonic speeds and unpredictability while conducting extreme maneuvers \u2014 all problems that could affect the pilot\u2019s safety or jeopardize a mission\u2019s success. At the same time, the F-35s already delivered to squadrons have introduced new complications: On military bases around the United States, the high cost of operating the aircraft, a shortage of spare parts and a challenging new approach to updating the jet\u2019s crucial software code have program officials and military leaders urgently looking for solutions. Still, they assure the public that nothing will prevent the program from moving forward. It\u2019s a stance that breaks with the advice of the Government Accountability Office, which advised that all serious problems should be resolved before transitioning to full-rate production.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">With the critical problems that once dominated both headlines and congressional hearings seemingly resolved, the F-35 may not be the high-profile problem child it once was. But the Pentagon\u2019s efforts to play down new complications raise questions about whether America\u2019s most controversial warplane is actually ready to move into its next phase and what kind of new problems might surface in that transition.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-11rbrov ehw59r12\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<div class=\"css-t972an ehw59r13\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-2ds9s0 ehw59r11\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-cvn7ec ehw59r14\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1j5kxti e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 ehw59r15\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Image<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1m50asq\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-03\/21atwar-F35-image-03-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"In both 2017 and 2018, only about half of the United States\u2019 F-35 fleet was available to fly at a given time, with the rest down for maintenance.\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"css-18crmh6 e1xdpqjp0\"><span class=\"css-i48y28 e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">In both 2017 and 2018, only about half of the United States\u2019 F-35 fleet was available to fly at a given time, with the rest down for maintenance.<\/span><span class=\"css-nt1l96 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit<\/span>Anne Rearick for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">The Joint Strike Fighter program<\/strong> was conceived in the 1990s as the most ambitious aircraft development effort in the Defense Department\u2019s history. One company would oversee design and production of three different versions of an aircraft that could be operated by the United States Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps as well as America\u2019s allies, who would help offset the development costs. The project would result in a technologically superior plane that would be manufactured in such large quantities that the jets would cost no more than the older planes it would replace.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The jet was to replace a wide variety of the American military\u2019s combat aircraft, including the Air Force\u2019s F-16 Fighting Falcon and A-10 Thunderbolt II, the Marine Corps\u2019s AV-8B Harrier and the F\/A-18 Hornet operated by the Navy and Marine Corps. All of the services\u2019 requirements for new fighter jets were combined into one program, which would be awarded to a single contractor. Like the Air Force\u2019s F-22, this new fighter jet needed to be stealthy and able to fly at supersonic speeds. To meet the needs of the Marine Corps, it needed to land vertically on ships, while the Navy version would need larger wings and different landing gear so it could take off from and land on aircraft carriers.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">\u201cIf you were to go back to the year 2000 and somebody said, \u2018I can build an airplane that is stealthy and has vertical takeoff and landing capabilities and can go supersonic,\u2019 most people in the industry would have said that\u2019s impossible,\u201d said Tom Burbage, Lockheed\u2019s general manager for the program from 2000 to 2013. \u201cThe technology to bring all of that together into a single platform was beyond the reach of industry at that time.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Lockheed Martin thought otherwise. In 2001, the defense company\u2019s model \u2014 then called the X-35 \u2014 won against Boeing\u2019s X-32 after both companies demonstrated working prototypes of a stealth fighter capable of hovering and vertical landings.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">There soon turned out to be an essential flaw in the grand plan for a single plane that could do everything. Design specifications demanded by one branch of the military would adversely impact the F-35\u2019s performance in another area. \u201cIt turns out when you combine the requirements of the three services, what you end up with is the F-35, which is an aircraft that is in many ways suboptimal for what each of the services really want,\u201d said Todd Harrison, an aerospace expert with the Center for Strategic and International Studies. \u201cIt is much more expensive than originally envisioned, and the three versions of the plane actually don\u2019t have that much in common.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">But early in the program, Lockheed Martin began construction with glowing optimism. The company decided to build the Air Force\u2019s F-35A first because it was considered the simplest model, then move on to the difficulties of the F-35B short-takeoff and vertical-landing version and then the F-35C, which can land on an aircraft carrier \u2014 a decision that turned out to be a mistake. Once Lockheed\u2019s engineers proceeded with the more demanding design of the F-35B, they found that their initial weight estimates were no longer accurate and the B model was on track to be 3,000 pounds too heavy to meet specifications. The company was forced to begin an extensive redesign project that added an 18-month delay to the program.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Later, serious problems resulted from starting production while the aircraft was still under development, a process the Pentagon calls concurrency. The strategy was meant to allow the services to begin flying their F-35s sooner. Instead, F-35s started rolling off the production line with unresolved technical problems, forcing the Pentagon to continually retrofit even newly built jets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">In 2010, the ballooning costs \u2014 which put the cost per plane more than 89 percent over the baseline estimate \u2014 triggered a breach of the Nunn-McCurdy Act, a law that forces the Pentagon and Congress to evaluate whether to cancel a troubled program. But because the F-35 was intended to replace so many legacy fighter jets, military leaders essentially had no choice but to keep going.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1wgjcjf ehw59r12\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<div class=\"css-t972an ehw59r13\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-2ds9s0 ehw59r11\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-h7jfto ehw59r14\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1j5kxti e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 60vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 ehw59r15\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"css-jcw7oy e1g7ppur0\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1h6w7uo e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 60vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-05\/21atwar-F35-image-05-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"The 388th Fighter Wing\u2019s 34th Fighter Squadron was temporarily deployed to Mountain Home this summer while the runway at Hill Air Force Base, their home base, was under construction.\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-1l44abu e1xdpqjp0\"><span class=\"css-i48y28 e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">The 388th Fighter Wing\u2019s 34th Fighter Squadron was temporarily deployed to Mountain Home this summer while the runway at Hill Air Force Base, their home base, was under construction.<\/span><span class=\"css-nt1l96 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit<\/span>Anne Rearick for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">One factor that kept sending the F-35 program off course was the level of control Lockheed exerted over the program. The company produces not only the F-35 itself but also the training gear for pilots and maintainence technicians, the aircraft\u2019s logistics system and its support equipment, like carts and rigs. Lockheed also manages the supply chain and is responsible for much of the maintenance for the plane. This gave Lockheed significant power over almost every part of the F-35 enterprise. \u201cI had a sense, after my first 90 days, that the government was not in charge of the program,\u201d said Bogdan, who assumed oversight as the program\u2019s executive officer in December 2012. It seemed \u201cthat all of the major decisions, whether they be technical, whether they be schedule, whether they be contractual, were really all being made by Lockheed Martin, and the program office was just kind of watching.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Bogdan particularly worried that Lockheed had too much control of the government\u2019s test flights. The company was allowed to manage the test program and had the power, for example, to defer more challenging tests until later. In past programs, the government had controlled testing and had aimed to find any difficult, high-priority problems early, so they could be addressed as soon as possible. Bogdan also argued that the Pentagon\u2019s program office was not transparent enough in letting the military services know how their money was being spent. Because Lockheed was not required to report its financials in detail, the program office itself did not have a clear picture of exactly how much an F-35 truly cost and how the money was being used.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Costs and complications were spiraling. Someone needed to intervene before the Defense Department lost control entirely, Bogdan thought. In September 2012, when he was the program\u2019s second-in-command, he took to the lectern at the Air Force\u2019s largest conference and said something that had not been publicly acknowledged before: The relationship with Lockheed was the worst arrangement he had ever seen between the Pentagon and a defense contractor. The audience was shocked. At military conferences and trade shows, Defense Department officials and their contractors typically boast about their collaborative efforts. Instead, Bogdan publicly shamed the defense behemoth, criticizing the lagging production time and skyrocketing costs.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">At that point, there was a lot to rebuke. The Pentagon had restricted the F-35 from flying near thunderstorms after flight tests revealed that its lightning-protection system was deficient. That became easy fodder for skeptics, given the plane\u2019s designation as the F-35 Lightning II. The jet\u2019s cutting-edge helmet display, which melds imagery from the F-35\u2019s multiple cameras and sensors into a single picture, didn\u2019t work properly, with pilots experiencing a jittery, delayed video feed. And the jet\u2019s software development had lagged behind schedule, leaving pilots stuck with an interim version that allowed only for basic training. When Bogdan was promoted to the top post as the program\u2019s executive officer, a rule change empowered him to stay on past the previous two-year limit, and he let Lockheed know that he wasn\u2019t going anywhere until the F-35\u2019s major difficulties were behind it. The Pentagon and the contractor got to work on correcting the jet\u2019s technical issues, one by one.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Within a year, Bogdan was saying publicly that the relationship with Lockheed was improving and that the contractor was making progress in addressing the F-35\u2019s problems, albeit more slowly than he would have liked. The program office and Lockheed had figured out some ways to cut the cost of manufacturing the fighter. More flight testing was happening. The lightning-protection system was redesigned in 2014, and the F-35 can now fly in bad weather. A series of hardware and software changes to the helmet have solved the image-quality problems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Still, as problems were fixed, new ones surfaced. In 2015, the program office found that the plane\u2019s ejection seat could cause serious neck injuries to lightweight pilots, prompting the Air Force to ban pilots under 136 pounds from flight operations until a fix was implemented in 2016. Perhaps most damning was a 2015 report by War Is Boring, a well-read military blog, citing a document by an Air Force test pilot that asserted that the F-35 could not defeat the 1970s-era F-16 in aerial combat. If that was true, the staggeringly expensive high-tech jet was already obsolete before it would ever take to the skies in wartime. It emerged that the assessment was provisional and incomplete. The pilot had based his judgment on a single day\u2019s mock aerial battle between an F-16 and an F-35 that temporarily had limited maneuverability and restricted performance because it had an early version of its software package. Nevertheless, the characterization of the F-35 as an overpriced but mediocre dogfighter has haunted it ever since.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Though the F-35\u2019s bad<\/strong> reputation among the public has persisted, the military has grown increasingly confident in the jet\u2019s capabilities as problems have been eliminated and additional weapons and software have made the aircraft more capable in a fight. As more pilots log more flight time, they have raved about the F-35\u2019s performance and technological advances.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The Marine Corps, which began normal flying operations with the jet in 2015, became the first military branch to fly the F-35 in combat when it used the jets for airstrikes in Afghanistan last year. Both the Air Force and Navy are also now operating their own F-35s. In 2017, during the F-35A\u2019s first outing in Red Flag, the Air Force\u2019s largest training exercise for aerial warfare, the jet killed 20 aircraft for each F-35 shot down in simulated combat. In April, Air Force pilots took that training and put it into practice for the first time, using the F-35 in an airstrike against ISIS in Iraq.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"css-17dprlf\" data-id=\"100000006671630\" data-slug=\"21atwar-f35-interactive\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"css-sqdgy8\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2019\/admin\/100000006671630.embedded.html?\" width=\"100%\" height=\"465\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Pressure from Congress also helped shape the F-35 into a more successful program. In 2016, Senator John McCain of Arizona labeled the program a \u201cscandal and a tragedy with respect to cost, schedule and performance.\u201d Recognizing that it was nearly impossible to cancel the program, McCain nevertheless aimed to hold it accountable for its repeated setbacks. He moved forward with a carrot-and-stick approach, approving additional funding for the F-35 as chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee while at the same time regularly grilling Defense Department officials during congressional hearings.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Since McCain\u2019s death last August, no other lawmaker has exacted that level of scrutiny. That\u2019s by design, said Dan Grazier of the Project on Government Oversight, a watchdog organization that has repeatedly criticized the aircraft. \u201cIt\u2019s no accident that there are more than 1,500 suppliers for the F-35 program, and they\u2019re spread out to almost every state,\u201d he said. \u201cThat means that there\u2019s basically a veto-proof constituency bloc on Capitol Hill for the F-35 program, so it becomes very difficult for members of Congress to really criticize this program.\u201d Legislators looking to relieve pressure on the program \u2014 and argue for increasing the number of aircraft purchased annually \u2014 have been able to point to measurable progress in the F-35\u2019s performance and management. But that leniency comes at the expense of taxpayers\u2019 dollars, say critics like Grazier, who want to see lawmakers do more to push for cost savings.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Within the last few years, the Defense Department has corrected hundreds of Category 1 deficiencies, the label the Pentagon gives to serious technical problems including ones that could affect safety or mission effectiveness, and many of the F-35\u2019s most visible problems have been resolved. However, as recently as June, at least 13 Category 1 deficiencies were still on the books. \u201cEach is well understood, already resolved or on a near-term path to resolution,\u201d Lockheed said in a statement. Vice Adm. Mat Winter, who led the Pentagon\u2019s F-35 program office until July, maintained that the 13 deficiencies were not ones so serious that they could cause loss of life or aircraft. The department has a plan to fix all but two of the issues \u2014 the two have occurred only once during flight tests and are considered anomalous \u2014 and according to Winter, the problems will not affect the Pentagon\u2019s plan to move to full-rate production.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"story-ad-5-wrapper\" class=\"css-1r07izm\">\n<div id=\"story-ad-5-slug\" class=\"css-l9onyx\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The F-35 was in the news again in July when the White House decided to expel Turkey from the program when that contentious ally refused to give up its plan to simultaneously acquire an advanced air defense system from Russia. That new partnership with Moscow presented a risk that technological secrets from F-35s in Turkey could make their way to Russia.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The program\u2019s international reach, meanwhile, is only becoming bigger. Ten international partners and customers have committed to buying the jet, and eight of them have received their first F-35s. Israel was the first country to use the fighter in combat, announcing in May 2018 that it had used the F-35 in two separate airstrikes on undisclosed targets in the Middle East.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">The cost of the plane continues to decrease as the growth in sales reduces the unit cost per jet, with the price of a conventional F-35A \u2014 the variant purchased by most international customers \u2014 falling to $89.2 million in 2018. Back in 2006, the first batch cost $241.2 million per plane. In June, Lockheed and the Pentagon announced a handshake deal that would see the price of the F-35A drop to the long-awaited level of $80 million, about equal to older planes like the F\/A-18 Super Hornet. \u201cThis is going to be the first fighter jet produced in the thousands for a very long time,\u201d said Richard Aboulafia, an aerospace analyst with the Teal Group. \u201cNone of this is stoppable. It will be remembered, as the smoke clears, as something that worked far better than critics thought it would, but something you\u2019d never, ever want to do again.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Hill Air Force Base in Utah<\/strong>, home to the Air Force\u2019s first operational F-35s, is tasked with preparing pilots for combat and has some of the highest availability rates among all installations that fly the aircraft \u2014 a key measure that the service uses to track the proportion of aircraft that are operational and ready to fly. But long turnaround times for some maintenance tasks has meant that about 30 percent of the squadron\u2019s aircraft are grounded at any given time. At some bases that fly the older models, the availability rate is far lower: Sometimes more than 60 percent of their F-35s are not operable. In 2017 and 2018, only about half of the F-35 fleet was available to fly at a given time, with the rest down for maintenance.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">A major cause of F-35s sitting idle on the ground is a shortage of replacement parts. Lockheed and Defense Department officials have blamed each other for the problem, and there probably is plenty of fault to go around. The planes require a dizzying number of components sourced from different suppliers, and replacement parts are not getting to the flight line when they are needed. For instance, F-35s have encountered problems with the canopy, the glass enclosure that protects the cockpit, and jets can sometimes wait for a year to receive the necessary repair.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-a907d8 ehw59r12\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<div class=\"css-t972an ehw59r13\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-overlay\">\n<div class=\"css-2ds9s0 ehw59r11\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-captionblock\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-zv5rts ehw59r14\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1j5kxti e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1i2y565\">\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 ehw59r15\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"css-1ef8w8q e1g7ppur0\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-1h6w7uo e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 80vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-articleLarge.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 600w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-jumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/08\/21\/magazine\/21atwar-F35-image-1\/21atwar-F35-image-superJumbo.jpg?quality=90&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Ten international partners and customers have committed to buying the jet, and eight of them have received their first F-35s.\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-18crmh6 e1xdpqjp0\"><span class=\"css-i48y28 e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">Ten international partners and customers have committed to buying the jet, and eight of them have received their first F-35s.<\/span><span class=\"css-nt1l96 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit<\/span>Anne Rearick for The New York Times<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Lockheed has begun fronting its own money to buy spare parts in advance, with the expectation that the Defense Department will repay the company later. It\u2019s also trying to roll all of the F-35\u2019s needs together, so that its suppliers can deliver parts for both new aircraft and old. Winter is skeptical that Lockheed\u2019s actions will fix the problem. \u201cLockheed Martin\u2019s assertion that this will all be done in two years or so was the same thing that was said two years ago,\u201d he said. \u201cIt\u2019s always two years to success, every time we talk.\u201d But Lockheed is only partly responsible for the shortage of parts. An April 2019 investigation by the Government Accountability Office found that the Pentagon had a repair backlog of about 4,300 parts, wasn\u2019t managing its inventory properly and often lacked data on the cost and current location of its F-35 components.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Again, it\u2019s a problem that could be compounded by the move to full-rate production. As Lockheed is responsible for building a much larger number of jets and prioritizes delivering those new aircraft to its customers, the F-35s already in operation will face even stiffer competition for spare parts.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Slow and complicated maintenance is not a minor problem. As is generally the case for most weapons systems, maintenance is expected to make up more than 70 percent of the F-35 program\u2019s total cost over the projected lifetime of the program. And managing these costs only grows more critical as more F-35s come online.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">An important measure of the cost, sustainability and value of the new jet is its total operating cost. In 2018, flying an F-35A cost about $44,000 per hour on average \u2014 about double the cost of operating the Navy\u2019s Boeing F\/A-18E\/F Super Hornet. Some of the military\u2019s top officials, including Gen. Dave Goldfein, the Air Force\u2019s chief of staff, and former Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson, have complained that it is too expensive to fly and maintain the F-35, raising the possibility that the service may have to buy fewer of them if costs don\u2019t shrink.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">In 2018, Goldfein called<\/strong> the F-35 \u201ca computer that happens to fly\u201d \u2014 a popular characterization among F-35 advocates, highlighting the plane\u2019s ability to collect and analyze data in order to knock out enemy planes and missiles. But as China develops its own stealth fighters and pumps government money into research on supercomputing and artificial intelligence, the Pentagon is wondering how it can continue to give F-35 technology a competitive edge against America\u2019s adversaries.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">One solution favored by Winter during his recent tenure was so-called agile software development. His vision for \u201ccontinuous capability development and delivery\u201d resembles DevOps, a popular method in the private sector for quickly testing and evaluating features for new products. Coders generate software upgrades or patches in a matter of days or weeks, pass them along to users to test and then push out the update more widely if the changes are successful. That speed would be a major improvement on the months, or in some cases a year or more, that it can take defense contractors to deliver a software patch right now.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Winter also made it a priority to push for drastic streamlining in the process for testing new software in the F-35. Under the existing procedures, the Pentagon can require test flights for more than 300 different factors or functions when a new software load is installed. Winter worked to cut that down to a single validation flight, to test just the software and the systems it affects, rather than retesting the performance of the whole aircraft. A trial program staffed with a team of Air Force and Lockheed coders proved that the method works and doesn\u2019t put pilots at risk, and Winter\u2019s rapid software development strategy is now being implemented. But moving to an agile software approach for the F-35 presents a huge challenge for the sluggish and bureaucratic military acquisition system, and there\u2019s no blueprint for how to integrate it alongside the traditional processes for developing and testing hardware.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">As with all stories involving the tangled web that is the Pentagon bureaucracy, it\u2019s tempting to try to look for a hidden root behind all the problems \u2014 greedy corporate executives, corrupt generals, the military-industrial complex itself. But those closest to the F-35 program, the engineers, software developers and midlevel managers, express the same things over and over. Frustration that the tremendous scope of the program keeps them from being able to do more to fix it; and a wounded sense of pride for the impressive technological advances they have achieved, but that often seem lost in the intractable tangle of complications and setbacks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1fanzo5 StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">Over the next few months, the program will move through grueling evaluations overseen by the Pentagon\u2019s independent weapons tester. These tests are meant to shake out any last bugs before full-rate production starts. In June, Winter said that none of the remaining problems are serious enough to delay full production. But even after the testing ends, there will inevitably be issues in need of fixes.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-exrw3m evys1bk0\">In some ways, that\u2019s a feature of today\u2019s changing battlefield. There will always be new threats to face, new upgrades to develop, new technical problems to solve. Defense Department officials continue to assert that the adaptiveness of the F-35 makes it the best option to stand up to such uncertainties. Which is a good thing if true, given that it\u2019s the only option. Because even if the F-35 doesn\u2019t manage to become the unbeatable plane the Pentagon dreamed of, it has become the unkillable program.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-o6xoe7\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"bottom-of-article\">\n<div class=\"css-1ubp8k9\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1yif149\">\n<p>Valerie Insinna is the air warfare reporter at Defense News.<\/p>\n<p><em>Sign up for <\/em><em>our newsletter<\/em><em> to get the best of At War delivered to your inbox every week. For more coverage of conflict, visit <\/em><em>nytimes.com\/atwar<\/em><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"related-coverage\" class=\"css-12qsqia\">\n<header class=\"css-1k2cc88\">\n<h3 class=\"css-pk3ldd\">Related Coverage<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"css-6su6fj\">\n<div class=\"css-cmgnk4\">\n<div class=\"css-dg19va\">\n<div class=\"css-ip4ck2\">\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"css-1b5rs3t eoo0vm40\">How Weapons Secrets Often Fall Into Enemy Hands<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p><time class=\"css-g6dgq7 e16638kd0\" datetime=\"2019-06-14T09:53:15-04:00\">June 14, 2019<\/time><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-161i88g\">\n<figure class=\"\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div>\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-12oy0n4 e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/06\/14\/magazine\/14atwar-newsletter-f35\/14atwar-newsletter-f35-thumbLarge-v2.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2019\/06\/14\/magazine\/14atwar-newsletter-f35\/14atwar-newsletter-f35-thumbLarge-v2.jpg\" alt=\"How Weapons Secrets Often Fall Into Enemy Hands\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-17ai7jg emkp2hg0\"><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1i15vd3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-cmgnk4\">\n<div class=\"css-dg19va\">\n<div class=\"css-ip4ck2\">\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"css-1b5rs3t eoo0vm40\">Pilots Kept Losing Oxygen and the Military Had No Idea Why. Now There\u2019s a Possible Fix.<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p><time class=\"css-g6dgq7 e16638kd0\" datetime=\"2018-12-27T16:30:41-05:00\">Dec. 27, 2018<\/time><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-161i88g\">\n<figure class=\"\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div>\n<p><span class=\"css-1dv1kvn\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-8h527k\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-12oy0n4 e1t57l6r0\" src=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2018\/12\/28\/magazine\/28atwar-hypoxia-1\/merlin_52978344_1c0708f8-746c-4e2c-82f8-fe7415b63ef2-thumbLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"50vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2018\/12\/28\/magazine\/28atwar-hypoxia-1\/merlin_52978344_1c0708f8-746c-4e2c-82f8-fe7415b63ef2-thumbLarge.jpg\" alt=\"Pilots Kept Losing Oxygen and the Military Had No Idea Why. Now There\u2019s a Possible Fix.\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1qor430\" data-testid=\"recirculation\">\n<div class=\"css-pzlm73\">\n<div id=\"recirc-editors-picks\" class=\"css-tq1cdz\">\n<div class=\"css-vy7nt4\">\n<div class=\"css-1pd0ppz\">\n<div class=\"css-arbc70\">\n<div class=\"css-798wq2 thirdMoreInItem\">\n<div class=\"css-o2ywe3\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Airmen performing pre- and postflight inspections on the F-35A Lightning IIs at Mountain Home Air Force Base in Idaho.CreditCreditAnne Rearick for The New York Times Inside America\u2019s Dysfunctional Trillion-Dollar Fighter-Jet Program The F-35 was once the Pentagon\u2019s high-profile problem child. Has it finally moved past its reputation of being an overhyped and underperforming warplane? [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4092,"featured_media":39938,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[9277],"class_list":["post-667353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkey","tag-f35"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667353","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4092"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=667353"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/667353\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=667353"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=667353"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=667353"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}