{"id":30638,"date":"2011-02-19T20:30:44","date_gmt":"2011-02-19T18:30:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.turkishforum.com.tr\/en\/content\/?p=30638"},"modified":"2023-07-26T12:01:47","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T09:01:47","slug":"egypts-revolution-creative-destruction-for-a-greater-middle-east","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/2011\/02\/19\/egypts-revolution-creative-destruction-for-a-greater-middle-east\/","title":{"rendered":"Egypt&#8217;s Revolution: Creative Destruction for a &#8216;Greater Middle East&#8217;?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>F. William Engdahl, <\/strong>February 5, 2011<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fast on the heels of the regime change in Tunisia came a popular-based protest movement\u00a0launched on January 25 against the entrenched order of Egypt&#8217;s Hosni Mubarak. <strong>Contrary to the\u00a0carefully-cultivated impression that the Obama Administration is trying to retain the present\u00a0regime of Mubarak, Washington in fact is orchestrating the Egyptian as well as other regional\u00a0regime changes from Syria to Yemen to Jordan and well beyond in a process some refer to as\u00a0&#8220;creative destruction.&#8221;<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The template for such covert regime change has been developed by the Pentagon, US intelligence\u00a0agencies and various think-tanks such as RAND Corporation over decades, beginning with the May\u00a01968 destabilization of the de Gaulle presidency in France.<\/strong> This is the first time since the US backed regime changes in Eastern Europe some two decades back that Washington has initiated\u00a0simultaneous operations in many countries in a region. It is a strategy born of a certain\u00a0desperation and one not without significant risk for the Pentagon and for the long-term Wall Street\u00a0agenda. What the outcome will be for the peoples of the region and for the world is as yet unclear.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yet while the ultimate outcome of defiant street protests in Cairo and across Egypt and the Islamic\u00a0world remains unclear, the broad outlines of a US covert strategy are already clear.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">No one can dispute the genuine grievances motivating millions to take to the streets at risk of life.\u00a0No one can defend atrocities of the Mubarak regime and its torture and repression of dissent. Noone can dispute the explosive rise in food prices as Chicago and Wall Street commodity\u00a0speculators, and the conversion of American farmland to the insane cultivation of corn for ethanol\u00a0fuel drive grain prices through the roof. Egypt is the world&#8217;s largest wheat importer, much of it\u00a0from the USA. Chicago wheat futures rose by a staggering 74% between June and November 2010\u00a0leading to an Egyptian food price inflation of some 30% despite government subsidies.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>What is widely ignored in the CNN and BBC and other Western media coverage of the Egypt events\u00a0is the fact that whatever his excesses at home, Egypt&#8217;s Mubarak represented a major obstacle\u00a0within the region to the larger US agenda.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>To say relations between Obama and Mubarak were ice cold from the outset would be no\u00a0exaggeration. Mubarak was staunchly opposed to Obama policies on Iran and how to deal with its\u00a0nuclear program, on Obama policies towards the Persian Gulf states, to Syria and to Lebanon as\u00a0well as to the Palestinian<\/strong>s.<strong>1<\/strong> He was a formidable thorn in the larger Washington agenda for the\u00a0entire region, Washington\u2019s <strong>Greater Middle East Project<\/strong>, more recently redubbed the milder sounding <strong>&#8220;New Middle East.&#8221;<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">As real as the factors are that are driving millions into the streets across North Africa and the\u00a0Middle East, what cannot be ignored is the fact that Washington is deciding the timing and as they\u00a0see it, trying to shape the ultimate outcome of comprehensive regime change destabilizations\u00a0across the Islamic world. <strong>The day of the remarkably well-coordinated popular demonstrations\u00a0demanding Mubarak step down, key members of the Egyptian military command including Chief of\u00a0General Staff Lt. Gen. Sami Hafez Enan were all in Washington as guests of the Pentagon.<\/strong> That\u00a0conveniently neutralized the decisive force of the Army to stop the anti-Mubarak protests from\u00a0growing in the critical early days.<strong>2<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>The strategy had been in various State Department and Pentagon files since at least a decade or\u00a0longer. After George W. Bush declared a War on Terror in 2001 it was called the Greater Middle\u00a0East Project.<\/em> Today it is known as the less threatening-sounding \u201cNew Middle East\u201d project. It is a\u00a0strategy to break open the states of the region from Morocco to Afghanistan, the region defined by\u00a0<em>David Rockefeller&#8217;s friend Samuel Huntington in his infamous Clash of Civilizations essay in Foreign\u00a0Affairs.<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Egypt rising?<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>The current Pentagon scenario for Egypt reads like a Cecil B. DeMille Hollywood spectacular, only\u00a0this one with a cast of millions of Twitter-savvy well-trained youth, networks of Muslim\u00a0Brotherhood operatives, working with a US-trained military.<\/em> In the starring role of the new\u00a0production at the moment is none other than a Nobel Peace Prize winner who conveniently appears\u00a0to pull all the threads of opposition to the ancien regime into what appears as a seamless transition\u00a0into a New Egypt under a self-proclaimed liberal democratic revolution.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some background on the actors on the ground is useful before looking at what Washington&#8217;s long term strategic plan might be for the Islamic world from North Africa to the Persian Gulf and\u00a0ultimately into the Islamic populations of Central Asia, to the borders of China and Russia.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Washington &#8216;soft&#8217; revolutions<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The protests that led to the abrupt firing of the entire Egyptian government by President Mubarak\u00a0on the heels of <em>the panicked flight of Tunisia&#8217;s Ben Ali into a Saudi exile <\/em>are <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">not at all as\u00a0&#8220;spontaneous&#8221;<\/span> as the Obama White House, Clinton State Department or CNN, BBC and other major\u00a0media in the West make them to be.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>They are being organized in a Ukrainian-style high-tech electronic fashion with large internet-linked\u00a0networks of youth tied to Mohammed ElBaradei and the banned and murky secret Muslim\u00a0Brotherhood, whose links to British and American intelligence and <em>freemasonry<\/em> are widely\u00a0reported<\/strong>.<strong>3<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>At this point the anti-Mubarak movement looks like anything but a threat to US influence in the\u00a0region, quite the opposite. It has all the footprints of another US-backed regime change along the\u00a0model of the 2003-2004 Color Revolutions in Georgia and Ukraine and the failed Green Revolution\u00a0against Iran&#8217;s Ahmedinejad in 2009.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The call for an Egyptian general strike and a January 25 Day of Anger that sparked the mass\u00a0protests demanding Mubarak resign was issued by a Facebook-based organization calling itself<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> the\u00a0April 6 Movement<\/span>.<\/strong> The protests were so substantial and well-organized that it forced Mubarak to\u00a0ask his cabinet to resign and appoint <strong>a new vice president, Gen. Omar Suleiman,<\/strong> <em><strong>former Minister of\u00a0Intelligence<\/strong><\/em>.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">April 6 is headed by one <strong>Ahmed Maher Ibrahim<\/strong>, a 29-year-old civil engineer, who set up the\u00a0Facebook site to support a workers&#8217; call for a strike on April 6, 2008.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">According to a New York Times account from 2009, some 800,000 Egyptians, most youth, were\u00a0already then Facebook or Twitter members. In an interview with the Washington-based Carnegie\u00a0Endowment, April 6 Movement head Maher stated, <strong>&#8220;Being the first youth movement in Egypt to use\u00a0internet-based modes of communication like Facebook and Twitter, we aim to promote democracy\u00a0by encouraging public involvement in the political process.&#8221;4<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Maher also announced that his April 6 Movement backs former UN International Atomic Energy\u00a0Aagency (IAEA) head and declared Egyptian Presidential candidate, ElBaradei along with\u00a0ElBaradei&#8217;s National Association for Change (NAC) coalition. The NAC includes among others\u00a0George Ishak, a leader in Kefaya Movement, and Mohamed Saad El-Katatni, president of the\u00a0parliamentary bloc of the controversial Ikhwan or Muslim Brotherhood.5<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Today Kefaya is at the center of the unfolding Egyptian events. <em><strong>Not far in the background is the\u00a0more discreet Muslim Brotherhood.<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>ElBaradei at this point is being projected as the central figure in a future Egyptian parliamentary\u00a0democratic change. <em>Curiously, though he has not lived in Egypt for the past thirty years<\/em>, he has\u00a0won the backing of every imaginable part of the Eyptian political spectrum from communists to\u00a0Muslim Brotherhood to Kefaya and April 6 young activists.6 Judging from the calm demeanour\u00a0ElBaradei presents these days to CNN interviewers, he also likely has the backing of leading\u00a0Egyptian generals opposed to the Mubarak rule for whatever reasons as well as some very\u00a0influential persons in Washington.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Kefaya\u2014Pentagon &#8216;non-violent warfare&#8217;<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kefaya is at the heart of mobilizing the Egyptian protest demonstrations that back ElBaradei&#8217;s\u00a0candidacy. <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The word Kefaya translates to &#8220;enough!&#8221;<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Curiously, the planners at the Washington National Endowment for Democracy (NED)<strong>7<\/strong> and related\u00a0color revolution NGOs apparently were bereft of creative new catchy names for their Egyptian Color\u00a0Revolution. In their <strong>November 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia<\/strong>, the US-financed NGOs chose the\u00a0catch word, Kmara! In order to identify the youth-based regime change movement.<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"> Kmara in\u00a0Georgian also means &#8220;enough!&#8221;<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Like Kefaya, Kmara in Georgia was also built by the Washington-financed trainers from the NED\u00a0and other groups such as Gene Sharp&#8217;s misleadingly-named Albert Einstein Institution which uses\u00a0what Sharp once identified as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&#8220;non-violence as a method of warfare.&#8221;<\/span>8<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The various youth networks in Georgia as in Kefaya were carefully trained as a loose, decentralized\u00a0network of cells, deliberately avoiding a central organization that could be broken and could have\u00a0brought the movement to a halt. Training of activists in techniques of non-violent resistance was\u00a0done at sports facilities, making it appear innocuous. Activists were also given training in political\u00a0marketing, media relations, mobilization and recruiting skills.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The formal name of Kefaya is Egyptian Movement for Change. It was founded in 2004 by select\u00a0Egyptian intellectuals at the home of Abu \u2018l-Ala Madi, leader of the al-Wasat party,<em> a party\u00a0reportedly created by the Muslim Brotherhood<\/em>.9<\/strong> <strong><em>Kefaya was created as a coalition movement\u00a0united only by the call for an end Mubarak\u2019s rule.<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kefaya as part of the amorphous April 6 Movement capitalized early on new social media and\u00a0digital technology as its main means of mobilization. In particular, political blogging, posting\u00a0uncensored youtube shorts and photographic images were skillfully and extremely professionally\u00a0used.<strong><em> At a rally already back in December 2009 Kefaya had announced support for the candidacy of\u00a0Mohammed ElBaradei for the 2011 Egyptian elections.<\/em>10<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">RAND and Kefaya<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">No less a US defense establishment think-tank than the <strong>RAND Corporation<\/strong> has conducted a\u00a0detailed study of Kefaya. <strong><em>The Kefaya study as RAND themselves note, was &#8220;sponsored by the\u00a0Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the\u00a0Department of the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence\u00a0Community.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><strong>11<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">A nicer bunch of democratically-oriented gentlemen and women could hardly be found.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In their 2008 report to the Pentagon, the RAND researchers noted the following in relation to\u00a0Egypt&#8217;s Kefaya:<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>&#8220;The United States has professed an interest in greater democratization in the Arab world,\u00a0particularly since the September 2001 attacks by terrorists from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab\u00a0Emirates, Egypt, and Lebanon. This interest has been part of an effort to reduce destabilizing\u00a0political violence and terrorism. <strong>As President George W. Bush noted in a 2003 address to the\u00a0National Endowment for Democracy, \u201cAs long as the Middle East remains a place where freedom\u00a0does not flourish, it will remain a place of stagnation, resentment, and violence ready for export\u201d\u00a0(The White House, 2003). <\/strong>The United States has used varying means to pursue democratization,\u00a0including a military intervention that, though launched for other reasons, had the installation of a\u00a0democratic government as one of its end goals.<\/em><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">However, indigenous reform movements are best positioned to advance democratization in their\u00a0own country.&#8221;<\/span>1<\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">RAND researchers have spent years perfecting<strong> techniques of unconventional regime change under\u00a0the name &#8220;swarming,&#8221; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>the method of deploying mass mobs of digitally-linked youth in hit-and-run\u00a0protest formations moving like swarms of bees.<\/em><\/span><\/strong><strong>13<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Washington and the stable of &#8220;human rights&#8221; and &#8220;democracy&#8221; and &#8220;non-violence&#8221; NGOs it\u00a0oversees, over the past decade or more has increasingly relied on sophisticated &#8220;spontaneous&#8221;\u00a0nurturing of local indigenous protest movements to create pro-Washington regime change and to<strong><em> advance the Pentagon agenda of global Full Spectrum Dominance. <\/em><\/strong>As the RAND study of Kefaya\u00a0states in its concluding recommendations to the Pentagon:<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>&#8220;The US government already supports reform efforts through organizations such as the US Agency\u00a0for International Development and the United Nations Development Programme. <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Given the current\u00a0negative popular standing of the United States in the region, US support for reform initiatives is\u00a0best carried out through nongovernmental and nonprofit institutions.<\/span><\/strong>&#8220;<\/em><strong>14<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">The RAND 2008 study was even more concrete about future US Government support for Egyptian\u00a0and other &#8220;reform&#8221; movements:<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>&#8220;The US government should encourage nongovernmental organizations to offer training to\u00a0reformers, including guidance on coalition building and how to deal with internal differences in\u00a0pursuit of democratic reform. Academic institutions (or even nongovernmental organizations\u00a0associated with US political parties, such as t<strong>he International Republican Institute<\/strong> or <strong>the National\u00a0Democratic Institute for International Affairs<\/strong>) could carry out such training, which would equip\u00a0reform leaders to reconcile their differences peacefully and democratically.<\/em><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>&#8220;Fourth, the United States should help reformers obtain and use information technology, perhaps\u00a0by offering incentives for US companies to invest in the region\u2019s communications infrastructure and\u00a0information technology. US information technology companies could also help ensure that the Web\u00a0sites of reformers can remain in operation and could invest in <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">technologies such as anonymizers<\/span><\/strong> that could offer some shelter from government scrutiny. This could also be accomplished by\u00a0employing technological safegaurds to prevent regimes from sabotaging the Web sites of\u00a0reformers. &#8220;<\/em><strong>15<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">As their Kefaya monograph states, it was prepared in 2008 by the &#8220;RAND National Security\u00a0Research Division\u2019s Alternative Strategy Initiative, sponsored by the Rapid Reaction Technology\u00a0Office in the Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Alternative Strategy Initiative, just to underscore the point, includes <strong>&#8220;research on creative use\u00a0of the media, <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">radicalization of youth<\/span>, civic involvement to stem sectarian violence, the provision of\u00a0social services to mobilize aggrieved sectors of indigenous populations, and the topic of this\u00a0volume, alternative movements.<\/strong>&#8220;<strong>16<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>In May 2009 just before Obama&#8217;s Cairo trip to meet Mubarak, US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton\u00a0hosted a number of the young Egyptian activists in Washington under the auspices of Freedom\u00a0House, another &#8220;human rights&#8221; Washington-based NGO with a long history of involvement in USsponsored regime change from Serbia to Georgia to Ukraine and other Color Revolutions. Clinton\u00a0and Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs Jeffrey Feltman met the sixteen\u00a0activists at the end of a two-month &#8220;fellowship&#8221; organized by Freedom House\u2019s New Generation\u00a0program<\/strong>.<strong>17<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Freedom House and Washington&#8217;s government-funded regime change NGO, National Endowment\u00a0for Democracy (NED) are at the heart of the uprisings now sweeping across the Islamic world.<\/span><\/strong> They fit the geographic context of what George W. Bush proclaimed after 2001 as his Greater\u00a0Middle East Project to bring &#8220;democracy&#8221; and &#8220;liberal free market&#8221; economic reform to the Islamic\u00a0countries from Afghanistan to Morocco. <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">When Washington talks about introducing \u201cliberal free\u00a0market reform\u201d people should watch out. It is little more than code for bringing those economies\u00a0under the yoke of the dollar system and all that implies.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Washington&#8217;s NED in a larger agenda<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">If we make a list of the countries in the region which are undergoing mass-based protest\u00a0movements since the Tunisian and Egyptian events and overlay them onto a map, we find an\u00a0almost perfect convergence between the protest countries today and the original map of the\u00a0Washington Greater Middle East Project that was first unveiled during the George W. Bush\u00a0Presidency after 2001.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Washington&#8217;s NED has been quietly engaged in preparing a wave of regime destabilizations across\u00a0North Africa and the Middle East since the 2001-2003 US military invasions of Afghanistan and\u00a0Iraq. The list of where the NED is active is revealing. Its website lists Tunisia, Egypt, Jordan,\u00a0Kuwait, Libya, Syria, Yemen and Sudan as well, interestingly, as Israel. <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Coincidentally these <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">countries are almost all today subject to &#8220;spontaneous&#8221; popular regime-change uprisings.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The International Republican Institute and the National Democratic Institute for International\u00a0Affairs mentioned by the RAND document study of Kefaya are subsidiary organizations of the\u00a0Washington-based and US Congress-financed National Endowment for Democracy.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The NED is the coordinating Washington agency for regime destabilization and change. It is active\u00a0from Tibet to Ukraine, from Venezuela to Tunisia, from Kuwait to Morocco in reshaping the world\u00a0after the collapse of the Soviet Union into what George H.W. Bush in a 1991 speech to Congress\u00a0proclaimed triumphantly as <strong>the dawn of a New World Order<\/strong>.<strong>18<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">As the architect and first head of the NED, <strong>Allen Weinstein<\/strong> told the Washington Post in 1991 that,\u00a0<strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&#8220;a lot of what we do today was done covertly 25 years ago by the CIA<\/span>&#8220;<\/strong><strong>19<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The NED Board of Directors includes or has included former Defense Secretary and CIA Deputy\u00a0head, <strong>Frank Carlucci<\/strong> of the Carlyle Group; retired General <strong>Wesley Clark<\/strong> of NATO; neo-conservative\u00a0warhawk <strong>Zalmay Khalilzad<\/strong> who was architect of George W. Bush&#8217;s Afghan invasion and later\u00a0ambassador to Afghanistan as well as to occupied Iraq. Another NED board member, <strong>Vin Weber<\/strong>,\u00a0co-chaired a major independent task force on US Policy toward<strong> Reform in the Arab World<\/strong> with\u00a0former US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, and was a founding member of the ultra-hawkish\u00a0<strong>Project for a New American Century<\/strong> think-tank with <strong>Dick Cheney <\/strong>and<strong> Don Rumsfeld<\/strong>, which\u00a0advocated forced regime change in Iraq as early as 1998.<strong>20<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The NED is supposedly a private, non-government, non-profit foundation, but it receives a yearly\u00a0appropriation for its international work from the US Congress.<\/strong> <strong><em>The National Endowment for\u00a0Democracy is dependent on the US taxpayer for funding, but because NED is not a government\u00a0agency, it is not subject to normal Congressional oversight.<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>NED money is channelled into target countries through four \u201ccore foundations\u201d\u2014the National\u00a0Democratic Institute for International Affairs, linked to the Democratic Party; the International\u00a0Republican Institute tied to the Republican Party; the American Center for International Labor\u00a0Solidarity linked to the AFL-CIO US labor federation as well as the US State Department; and the\u00a0Center for International Private Enterprise linked to the free-market US Chamber of Commerce.<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The late political analyst Barbara Conry noted that,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><em>&#8220;NED has taken advantage of its alleged private statu<\/em><em>s to influence foreign elections, an activity\u00a0that is beyond the scope of AID or USIA and would otherwise be possible only through a CIA covert\u00a0operation. Such activities, it may also be worth noting, would be illegal for foreign groups\u00a0operating in the United States.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/span><strong>21<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Significantly the NED details its various projects today in Islamic countries, including in addition to\u00a0Egypt, in Tunisia, Yemen, Jordan, Algeria, Morocco, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Syria, Iran and\u00a0Afghanistan. In short, most every country which is presently feeling the earthquake effects of the\u00a0reform protests sweeping across the Middle East and North Africa is a target of NED.<strong>22<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 2005 US President George W. Bush made a speech to the NED. In a long, rambling discourse\u00a0which equated &#8220;Islamic radicalism&#8221; with the evils of communism as the new enemy, and using a\u00a0deliberately softer term &#8220;broader Middle East&#8221; for the term Greater Middle East that had aroused\u00a0much distruct in the Islamic world, Bush stated,<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>&#8220;The fifth element of our strategy in the war on terror is to deny the militants future recruits by\u00a0replacing hatred and resentment with democracy and hope across the broader Middle East. This is\u00a0a difficult and long-term project, yet there&#8217;s no alternative to it. Our future and the future of that\u00a0region are linked. If the broader Middle East is left to grow in bitterness, if countries remain in\u00a0misery, while radicals stir the resentments of millions, then that part of the world will be a source\u00a0of endless conflict and mounting danger, and for our generation and the next. If the peoples of\u00a0that region are permitted to choose their own destiny, and advance by their own energy and by\u00a0their participation as free men and women, then the extremists will be marginalized, and the flow\u00a0of violent radicalism to the rest of the world will slow, and eventually end&#8230; We&#8217;re encouraging our\u00a0friends in the Middle East, including Egypt and Saudi Arabia, to take the path of reform, to\u00a0strengthen their own societies in the fight against terror by respecting the rights and choices of\u00a0their own people. We&#8217;re standing with dissidents and exiles against oppressive regimes, because\u00a0we know that the dissidents of today will be the democratic leaders of tomorrow&#8230;&#8221;<\/em><strong>23<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">The US Project for a &#8216;Greater Middle East&#8217;<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The spreading regime change operations by Washington from Tunisia to Sudan, from Yemen to\u00a0Egypt to Syria are best viewed in the context of a long-standing Pentagon and State Department\u00a0strategy for the entire Islamic world from Kabul in Afghanistan to Rabat in Morocco.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">The rough outlines of the Washington strategy, based in part on their successful regime change\u00a0operations in the former Warsaw Pact communist bloc of Eastern Europe, were drawn up by former\u00a0Pentagon consultant and neo-conservative, <strong>Richard Perle<\/strong> and later Bush official <strong>Douglas Feith<\/strong> in a\u00a0white paper they drew up for the then-new Israeli Likud regime of Benjamin Netanyahu in 1996.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">That policy recommendation was titled <strong>A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm.<\/strong> It\u00a0was the first Washington think-tank paper to openly call for removing Saddam Hussein in Iraq, for\u00a0an aggressive military stance toward the Palestinians, striking Syria and Syrian targets in\u00a0Lebanon.<strong>24<\/strong><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/div>\n<div id=\"_mcePaste\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">Reportedly, the Netanyahu government at that time buried the Perle-Feith report, as\u00a0being far too risky.\u00a0By the time of the events of September 11, 2001 and the return to Washington of the arch war hawk neoconservatives around Perle and others, the Bush Administration put highest priority\u00a0on an expanded version of the Perle-Feith paper, calling it their <strong>Greater Middle East Project.<\/strong> Feith\u00a0was named Bush\u2019s Under Secretary of Defense.<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30639\" title=\"Greater_Middle_East_(orthographic_projection)\" src=\"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/Greater_Middle_East_orthographic_projection.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/Greater_Middle_East_orthographic_projection.png 300w, https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/02\/Greater_Middle_East_orthographic_projection-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Behind the facade of proclaiming democratic reforms of autocratic regimes in the entire region, the\u00a0Greater Middle East was and is a blueprint to extend US military control and to break open the\u00a0statist economies in the entire span of states from Morocco to the borders of China and Russia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In May 2005, before the rubble from the US bombing of Baghdad had cleared, George W. Bush, a\u00a0President not remembered as a great friend of democracy, proclaimed a policy of &#8220;spreading\u00a0democracy&#8221; to the entire region and explicitly noted that that meant &#8220;the establishment of a USMiddle East free trade area within a decade.&#8221;\u00a0<strong>25<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prior to the June 2004 G8 Summit on Sea Island, Georgia, Washington issued a working paper,\u00a0<strong>&#8220;G8-Greater Middle East Partnership.&#8221;<\/strong> Under the section titled Economic Opportunities was\u00a0Washington&#8217;s dramatic call for &#8220;an economic transformation similar in magnitude to that\u00a0undertaken by the formerly communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The US paper said that the key to this would be the strengthening of the private sector as the way\u00a0to prosperity and democracy. It misleadingly claimed it would be done via the miracle of\u00a0microfinance where as the paper put it, &#8220;a mere $100 million a year for five years will lift 1.2\u00a0million entrepreneurs (750,000 of them women) out of poverty, through $400 loans to each.&#8221;\u00a0<strong>26<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">The US plan envisioned takeover of regional banking and financial affairs by new institutions\u00a0ostensibly international but, like World Bank and IMF, de facto controlled by Washington, including\u00a0WTO. The goal of Washington\u2019s long-term project is to completely control the oil, to completely\u00a0control the oil revenue flows, to completely control the entire economies of the region, from\u00a0Morocco to the borders of China and all in between. It is a project as bold as it is desperate.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Once the G8 US paper was leaked in 2004 in the Arabic Al-Hayat, opposition to it spread widely\u00a0across the region, with a major protest to the US definition of the Greater Middle East. As an article\u00a0in <strong>the French Le Monde Diplomatique<\/strong> in April 2004 noted, <strong>&#8220;besides the Arab countries, it covers\u00a0Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, <span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Turkey<\/span> and Israel, whose only common denominator is that they lie in\u00a0the zone where hostility to the US is strongest, in which Islamic fundamentalism in its anti-Western\u00a0form is most rife.<\/strong>&#8220;<strong>27 <\/strong><em><strong>It should be noted that the NED is also active inside Israel with a number of programs.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Notably, in 2004 it was<em> vehement opposition<\/em> from two Middle East leaders\u2014Hosni Mubarak of\u00a0Egypt and the King of Saudi Arabia\u2014that forced the ideological zealots of the Bush Administration\u00a0to temporarily put the Project for the Greater Middle East on a back burner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Will it work?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">At this writing it is unclear what the ultimate upshot of the latest US-led destabilizations across the\u00a0Islamic world will bring. It is not clear what will result for Washington and the advocates of a USdominated New World Order. <strong>Their agenda is clearly one of creating a Greater Middle East under\u00a0firm US grip as a major control of the capital flows and energy flows of a future China, Russia and\u00a0a European Union that might one day entertain thoughts of drifting away from that American order.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>It has huge potential implications for the future of Israel as well. As one US commentator put it,\u00a0&#8220;The Israeli calculation today is that if &#8216;Mubarak goes&#8217; (which is usually stated as &#8216;If America lets\u00a0Mubarak go&#8217;), Egypt goes. If Tunisia goes (same elaboration), Morocco and Algeria go. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Turkey has\u00a0already gone (for which the Israelis have only themselves to blame).<\/span><\/span> Syria is gone (in part because\u00a0Israel wanted to cut it off from Sea of Galilee water access). Gaza has gone to Hamas, and the\u00a0Palestine Authority might soon be gone too (to Hamas?). <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">That leaves Israel amid the ruins of a\u00a0policy of military domination of the region.<\/span>&#8221; <\/strong><strong>28<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>The Washington strategy of &#8220;creative destruction&#8221; is clearly causing sleepless nights not only in the\u00a0Islamic world but also reportedly in <em>Tel Aviv<\/em>, and ultimately by now also in <em>Beijing<\/em> and <em>Moscow<\/em> and\u00a0<em>across Central Asia<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1<\/strong> DEBKA, Mubarak believes a US-backed Egyptian military faction plotted his ouster, February 4, 2011,\u00a0accessed in www.debka.com\/weekly\/480\/. DEBKA is open about its good ties to Israeli intelligence and\u00a0security agencies. While its writings must be read with that in mind, certain reports they publish often\u00a0contain interesting leads for further investigation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 <\/strong>Ibid.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3 <\/strong>The Center for Grassroots Oversight, 1954-1970: CIA and the Muslim Brotherhood ally to oppose\u00a0Egyptian President Nasser, www.historycommons.org\/context.jsp?item=western_support_for_islamic_militancy_202700&amp;scale=0<strong>. <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">According to the late Miles Copeland, a\u00a0CIA official stationed in Egypt during the Nasser era, the CIA allied with the Muslim Brotherhood which\u00a0was opposed to Nasser&#8217;s secular regime as well as his nationalist opposition to brotherhood pan-Islamic\u00a0ideology.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>4<\/strong> Jijo Jacob, What is Egypt&#8217;s April 6 Movement?, February 1, 2011, accessed in\u00a0http:\/\/www.ibtimes.com\/articles\/107387\/20110201\/what-is-egypt-s-april-6-movement.htm<\/p>\n<p><strong>5<\/strong> Ibid.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6 <\/strong>Janine Zacharia, Opposition groups rally around Mohamed ElBaradei, Washington Post, January 31,\u00a02011, accessed in .<\/p>\n<p><strong>7 <\/strong>National Endowment for Democracy, Middle East and North Africa Program Highlights 2009, accessed in\u00a0http:\/\/www.ned.org\/where-we-work\/middle-east-and-northern-africa\/middle-east-and-north-africahighlights.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8 <\/strong>Amitabh Pal, Gene Sharp: The Progressive Interview, The Progressive, March 1, 2007.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9<\/strong> Emmanuel Sivan, Why Radical Muslims Aren&#8217;t Taking over Governments, Middle East Quarterly,\u00a0December 1997, pp. 3-9<\/p>\n<p><strong>10 <\/strong>Carnegie Endowment, The Egyptian Movement for Change (Kifaya), accessed in\u00a0http:\/\/egyptelections.carnegieendowment.org\/2010\/09\/22\/the-egyptian-movement-for-change-kifaya<\/p>\n<p><strong>11 <\/strong>Nadia Oweidat, et al, The Kefaya Movement: A Case Study of a Grassroots Reform Initiative, Prepared\u00a0for the Office of the Secretary of Defense, Santa Monica, Ca., RAND_778.pdf, 2008, p. iv.<\/p>\n<p><strong>12 <\/strong>Ibid.<\/p>\n<p><strong>13<\/strong> For a more detailed discussion of the RAND &#8220;swarming&#8221; techniques see F. William Engdahl, Full\u00a0Spectrum Dominance: Totalitarian Democracy in the New World Order, edition.engdahl, 2009, pp. 34-41.<\/p>\n<p><strong>14 <\/strong>Nadia Oweidat et al, op. cit., p. 48.<\/p>\n<p><strong>15<\/strong> Ibid., p. 50.<\/p>\n<p><strong>16<\/strong> Ibid., p. iii.<\/p>\n<p><strong>17<\/strong> Michel Chossudovsky, The Protest Movement in Egypt: &#8220;Dictators&#8221; do not Dictate, They Obey Orders,\u00a0January 29, 2011, accessed in https:\/\/www.globalresearch.ca\/the-protest-movement-in-egypt-dictators-do-not-dictate-they-obey-orders\/22993<\/p>\n<p><strong>18 <\/strong>George Herbert Walker Bush, State of the Union Address to Congress, 29 January 1991. In the speech\u00a0Bush at one point declared in a triumphant air of celebration of the collapse of the Sovoiet Union, <strong>&#8220;What\u00a0is at stake is more than one small country, it is a big idea\u2014a new world order&#8230;&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>19 <\/strong>Allen Weinstein, quoted in David Ignatius, Openness is the Secret to Democracy, Washington Post\u00a0National Weekly Edition, 30 September 1991, pp. 24-25.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2<\/strong>0\u00a0National Endowment for Democracy, Board of Directors, accessed in <\/p>\n<p><strong>21<\/strong> Barbara Conry, Loose Cannon: The National Endowment for Democracy, Cato Foreign Policy Briefing\u00a0No. 27, November 8, 1993, accessed in .<\/p>\n<p><strong>22<\/strong> National Endowment for Democracy, 2009 Annual Report, Middle East and North Africa, accessed in\u00a0http:\/\/www.ned.org\/publications\/annual-reports\/2009-annual-report.<\/p>\n<p><strong>23<\/strong> George W. Bush, Speech at the National Endowment for Democracy, Washington, DC, October 6, 2005,accessed in http:\/\/www.presidentialrhetoric.com\/speeches\/10.06.05.html.<\/p>\n<p><strong>24<\/strong> Richard Perle, Douglas Feith et al, A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm, 1996,\u00a0Washington and Tel Aviv, The Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies, accessed in\u00a0www.iasps.org\/strat1.htm<\/p>\n<p><strong>25<\/strong> George W. Bush, Remarks by the President in Commencement Address at the University of South\u00a0Carolina, White House, 9 May 2003.<\/p>\n<p><strong>26<\/strong> Gilbert Achcar, Fantasy of a Region that Doesn&#8217;t Exist: Greater Middle East, the US plan, Le Monde\u00a0Diplomatique, April 4, 2004, accessed in https:\/\/mondediplo.com\/2004\/04\/04world<\/p>\n<p><strong>27<\/strong> Ibid.<\/p>\n<p><strong>28 <\/strong>William Pfaff, American-Israel Policy Tested by Arab Uprisings, accessed in\u00a0http:\/\/www.truthdig.com\/report\/item\/american-israeli_policy_tested_by_arab_uprisings_20110201\/<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">http:\/\/www.engdahl.oilgeopolitics.net\/print\/Creative%20Destruction%20Washington%20Style.pdf<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>F. William Engdahl, February 5, 2011 Fast on the heels of the regime change in Tunisia came a popular-based protest movement\u00a0launched on January 25 against the entrenched order of Egypt&#8217;s Hosni Mubarak. Contrary to the\u00a0carefully-cultivated impression that the Obama Administration is trying to retain the present\u00a0regime of Mubarak, Washington in fact is orchestrating the Egyptian [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":30639,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[257,771,782,393,209,62,43,148,244,428,183,612,2938,61,3669,408,155,42,192,430,56,4682,89,783,34,1393,922,838],"tags":[4968,4974,4971,4977,4970,4969,4976,3135,4975,4967,4973,4972,2409],"class_list":["post-30638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afghanistan","category-algeria-north-africa-english","category-eastern-europe","category-egypt","category-georgia-caucasus","category-iran_","category-iraq","category-israel","category-jordan","category-kuwait","category-lebanon","category-libya","category-middle-east-middle-east-regions","category-middle-east","category-morocco","category-north-africa","category-palestinianna","category-russia","category-saudi-arabia","category-sudan","category-syria","category-tunisia","category-turkey","category-ukraine-eastern-europe-english","category-usa","category-venezuela-south-america-regions","category-world","category-yemen","tag-new-middle-east","tag-swarming","tag-albert-einstein-institution","tag-allen-weinstein","tag-american-intelligence","tag-british-intelligence","tag-freedom-house","tag-freemasonry","tag-full-spectrum-dominance","tag-greater-middle-east-project","tag-kefaya","tag-kmara","tag-rand-corporation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30638"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30638\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30639"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}