{"id":17594,"date":"2010-03-11T13:16:12","date_gmt":"2010-03-11T11:16:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.turkishforum.com.tr\/en\/content\/?p=17594"},"modified":"2014-01-05T18:05:57","modified_gmt":"2014-01-05T16:05:57","slug":"genocide-over-azerbaijan-nation-in-march-of-1918","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/2010\/03\/11\/genocide-over-azerbaijan-nation-in-march-of-1918\/","title":{"rendered":"GENOCIDE OVER AZERBAIJAN NATION IN MARCH OF 1918"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tamilla Musayeva,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Doctor of history, professor <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Adil Mammadov, <\/em><\/strong>Doctor of history<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

It\u2019s already ten years since our nation has commenced building its sovereign state being in utterly difficult situation and surpassing incredible obstacles. Looking back to the passed way we observe both errors, shortcomings and those great achievements which were possible exclusively in terms of the independence. Among such achievements there is opportunity to see our nation\u2019s history in new light, form objective approach to historical course of its evolution, reveal obscure pages of history, give proper, unbiased appraisal to its individual periods and events having been distorted, forged or just hushed up for long decades. One of the pages is March events of 1918 that were presented in soviet historiography as \u201ccivil war\u201d, \u201cmusavatists\u2019 counter-revolutionary rebellion\u201d being allegedly provoked by \u201cMusavat\u201d party\u2019s members with aim of overthrowing soviet regime in Baku. In present-day times owing to efforts of azerbaijani social scientists who found and analysed most archive documents being earlier thoroughly concealed, and also owing to current democratic processes in Azerbaijan there was created condition for public declaring the whole truth about the March events, qualifying them as genocide over Azerbaijanis, list the main ringleaders of this bloody massacre. February revolution and following October events, publication of such documents as \u201cDeclaration of russian nations\u2019 rights\u201d and \u201cAppeal to moslem working people of Russia and East\u201d were taken by Azerbaijan nation, intellectuals, national parties for opportunity of realizing \u201cnational autonomy within Russian Federation\u201d idea.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cMusavat\u201d party that appeared at the respective period on political struggle\u2019s proscenium advanced \u201cAzerbaijan\u2019s autonomy\u201d idea as one of the paramount programme demands. But provisional extraordinary commissar on Caucasian affairs, S.Shaumyan was ardent antagonist of the idea. He considered azerbaijani nation\u2019s legitimate and natural demand of granting Azerbaijan an autonomy as \u201cdream of azerbaijani nationalists\u201d to make Baku \u201ccapital of Azerbaijan khanate\u201d (S.G.Shaumyan, Selected works. Moscow, 1978, II v., p.257). The paradox is that flatly refuting possibility of granting Azerbaijan an autonomy Shaumyan at the same time took for due plan of establishing Provisional armenian government at its territory occupied russian troops. Moreover realization of this plan in accordance with decree dated by December 29, 1917, signed by V.I.Lenin and I.V.Stalin was charged to Shaumyan. He was also commissioned with leading over determination of this \u201cautonomy\u2019s\u201d bounds especially of adjoining moot areas (Decrees of Soviet government. Moscow, 1957, p. 289-299).<\/p>\n

The bolshevist government was pretty aware of Shaumyan\u2019s approaches to most clue points of bolshevist party\u2019s national programme, his radically hostile attitude to such items as granting of autonomy, nations\u2019 right to self-determination. As far back as 1914 Lenin expressed in his letter to Shaumyan critical attitude to these views. \u201cIt\u2019s shame on russian marxist to hold standpoint of armenian hen-coop\u2026 Because of \u201carmenian\u201d blindness you become apprentice of Purishkevichs and their nationalism\u201d (Lenin V.I. Complete Works, v.48, p.302).<\/p>\n

It\u2019s very interesting that on the eve of March developments \u201cBakinskiy rabochiy\u201d newspaper published in March, 15 Lenin\u2019s letter to Shaumyan written as early as December, 1913 where the latter has been sharply criticized for non-recognition of autonomy and self-determination right ideas (CW, v.48, p.233-236).<\/p>\n

Maximalism of Shaumyan\u2019s views, obstinacy and strict methods during activities conducted by him were known to Centre. Right therefore Lenin wrote in his telegram to Shaumyan dated February 14, 1918 that along with \u201cfirm and resolute\u201d policy it\u2019s necessary to conduct very cautious diplomacy. The former took into account utterly complicated situation in this region, he demanded to solve very delicately and carefully most important problems (V.I.Lenin about Azerbaijan. Baku, 1959, p.75).<\/p>\n

It should be kept in mind that Shaumyan \u2013 \u201cinternationalist\u201d regarded Azerbaijan nation highly malevolently attaching to it such labels as \u201cTatar (azerbaijani) mob\u201d, \u201ctatar ignorant masses\u201d, \u201crobber gangs\u201d, \u201ctatar ruffians\u201d etc. It\u2019s enough to read fluently his selected works for making sure of the above-mentioned. (Shaumyan S.G. Selected works. Moscow, 1978, I v., p.119, 129, 185; II v., p. 216). All of this accounts for Shaumyan\u2019s behaviour in March days of 1918.<\/p>\n

Considering March events in the light of contemporaneity we reveal the facts that used to escape our consciousness, weren\u2019t paid due attention.<\/h1>\n

Among them \u2013 appointment of Kobozev P.A. as Extraordinary Commissar of government in Middle East and Baku province. The fact is mentioned in events chronicle from volume 36 of V.I.Lenin\u2019s Complete Works (p. 684). In March 17, 1918 Lenin had conversation with Kobozev, signed and delivered him mandate for taking measures on securing local authorities, handed him letter addressed to Baku comrades. The letter mentioned in Complete Works is supposed to be written by Stalin on Central Committee and Lenin\u2019s instructions. It was of great importance and provided guide to action, directed and anticipated prospects of the developments in the region. In view of the letter\u2019s importance we\u2019re citing it in more details: \u201cTo Stepan, Alyosha and other friends. We are sending comrade Kobozev to you as extraordinary commissar of Middle Asia and Baku. He\u2019s resolute, has rich experience in struggle with counter-revolution in Middle Asia, knows the particulars of war art, he\u2019s railway engineer and old party worker. Appointing him also as commissar of Baku we were guided by the fact that Stepan, Caucasian affairs commissar functions basically in Tiflis, while Baku, this central point of the entire south is already besieged from everywhere, therefore it\u2019s impossible for Stepan to be both in Middle East and Baku at once. We are fully sure that Kobozev (he is warned by us) will act in concordance with Stepan. One thing is indubitable; in military and financial terms Baku should be fortified, if Moslems demand autonomy, we should grant it, ensure unconditional recognition of central and local soviet authorities, immediately establish within Baku Deputies Council Moslem department, highly develop Moslem literature\u2026 Kobozev will report you details. Faithfully yours, Stalin\u201d. (Azerbaijan Republic Political Parties and Public Movements State Archives, copies fund \u2116 453).<\/p>\n

Thus all measures listed in the letter were aimed on fortifying soviet power in Baku and winning round large working strata of moslems. Confrontation with local inhabitants wasn\u2019t necessary to Centre. Here in Baku, with its extremely motley population there was required delicate and cautious approach to many complicated problems and maximalism was absolutely irrelevant here. Appointment of Kobozev, experienced party member and military specialist was in our opinion careful attempt to restrict Shaumyan\u2019s actions from making decisions on his own as Caucasian Extraordinary Commissar. Henceforth decisions were to be taken in concord. As further events showed Centre\u2019s apprehensions were grounded.<\/p>\n

If he knew about concrete resolution of Centre concerning autonomy for Moslems he would have come to an agreement with \u201cMusavat\u201d party\u2019s leaders and solve the problem by peaceful means. Especially as before March events \u201cMusavat\u201d members publicly advanced idea of autonomy within Russian Federation. Unfortunately we don\u2019t know exactly whether this letter reached Shaumyan before the March events (Kobozev was at this time in Baku), and how he took part in them. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Historians will have to study all of this thoroughly. One thing was undeniably obvious: Shaumyan went toward confrontation deliberately. It was necessary for realizing well-conceived plan. Frenzied atrocities over Azerbaijanis, cruelty and vandalism of dashnaks in March days in Baku give ground to suppose that it was Shaumyan\u2019s \u201crequital action\u201d as stresses M.Rasul-zade in \u2018Untorgettable tragedy\u2019 article (\u201cAzerbaijan\u201d newspaper, March 31, 1919) on account of March developments\u2019 first anniversary (quotation from \u201cHistoriography of March slaughter, 1918\u201d book after A.Iskandarov, Baku, 1997, p. 103): action of cleaning Baku from Azerbaijanis because differently it\u2019s impossible to account for mass slaughter of Azerbaijanis, absolutely innocent peaceful Azerbaijan population of Baku and other towns of the region in March days. The further course of developments confirms this.<\/p>\n

At this period in Baku because of blocking Baku-Tiflis railroad there gathered several thousands of armed Armenians returning from battle-fronts. Besides here were thousands well-armed fighters who represented Dashnaksutun party. Shaumyan was perfectly aware of ardent nationalistic and counter-revolutionary orientation of dashnaks\u2019 policy. Right therefore he had to hinder from their staying in the city. But this failed to take place.<\/p>\n

By this time it was observed swift increase of \u201cMusavat\u201d party\u2019s influence. Shaumyan admitted himself that \u201cby the II year since revolution the party had become the most potent one in Transcaucasus\u201d (Shaumyan S.G. Selected works. Moscow, 1978, v. II, p.291). In these conditions he tried by any hooks to debar \u201cMusavat\u201d from political rival, discredit it.<\/p>\n

Azerbaijanis in Baku and its vicinities were completely defenceless before armed to the teeth armenian military units. At that time \u201cMusavat\u201d failed to dispose of any units. Y.Ratgauzer writes in his \u201cRevolution and civil war in Baku\u201d book: \u201cMusavat\u201d party didn\u2019t have available regular military units by the time of beginning events in the city. The Musavat forces located in provinces weren\u2019t brought up to Baku in proper time. We suppose that \u201cMusavat\u201d party\u2019s leaders didn\u2019t expect commencement of battle in March 30\u201d (Ratgauzer Y. Revolution and civil war in Baku. 1927, Baku, p.145). Presence of numerous armed dashnaks who inundated the city incandesced situation exceedingly. The fact attracts its attention that during recordings at different plants all except Azerbaijanis have been enrolled into Red Army. Most detachments raised in that way almost completely consisted of Armenians. In many respects it was favoured by Avakyan, military commandant of Baku city who raised the detachments.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Besides in March 29, 1918 due to Shaumyan\u2019s order there began disarmament of \u201ctatar regiment\u2019s\u201d (being part of \u201cWild division\u201d raised during I World War) soldiers and officers who were on the board of Eveline ship that sailed toward Lankaran-its dislocation point.<\/p>\n

A small-numbered detachment of the division\u2019s officers and soldiers headed by general Talyshinski was in Baku in view of H.Z.Tagiyev, eminent Azerbaijan oil industrialist-magnate\u2019s tragically perished son\u2019s funeral. Why Baku council obstacled the sole armed groups of moslems from peaceable leaving the city and failed to disarm armenian military units located in great amount in Baku that days? Haven\u2019t all national units been liable to abolition and withdrawal from Baku in accordance with Baku Soviet\u2019s resolution dated from March 15, 1918 on the base of Shaumyan\u2019s report? It applied to all armed forces dislocated in the city. However Shaumyan neglected the directions given by his participance (SPIHDA,[1] fund 276, errata 3, addendum 272, sheets 5-6). This action caused discontent and protests of Baku\u2019s moslem population. In March 30 in mosques, different parts of the city there began spontaneous movements, meetings of Azerbaijanis who demanded return of armament and withdrawal of national armenian units. These days \u201cAchyg soz\u201d (\u201cSpeech freedom\u201d) newspaper-publication of \u201cMusavat\u201d party-addressed to local inhabitants appeal of resisting emotions, remaining calm.<\/p>\n

The provocative firing of a small-numbered Red Army detachment executors of which remained unknown was initial point of the terrible bloody action victims of which were peaceful azerbaijani inhabitants. Shaumyan wrote himself that they needed just a slightest cause for realizing their plan. \u201cWe took opportunity of the first attempt of armed attack to our cavalry and passed to offensive on a wide front. We already had 6000 amounted armed forces. \u201cDashnaksutun\u201d also counted 3-4 thousands national units. The latter\u2019s participance attached to the civil war national carnage feature but it was nevitasible. We did it consciously. If they (Musavatists) gained the upper hand in Baku the city would have been proclaimed as capital of Azerbaijan\u201d (S.G.Shaumyan. Selected works, Moscow, 1978, v. II. p.246). Here as it\u2019s said commentaries are needless.<\/p>\n

Under pretext of struggle with musavatists bolshevist-dashnak detachments practically started single-minded slaughter of peaceful Azerbaijan population. Their dwellings were bombarded from sky and sea. It was armenian units that took especially active part in atrocities over Azerbaijanis. Not the least was the fact that this time chief of Red Army\u2019s headqu arters in Baku was Tsarism Army\u2019s former colonel, member of dashnaks party Z.Avetisyan. For several days the outrages have lasted in the city. Stubborn fighting had been taking place in its most central part, Ichari Shahar (Inner City) area. A.I.Mikoyan commanded personally by offensive to this historical place. In March 30 one of commissars Tatevos Amiryan entered building of moslem charity \u201cIsmailiya\u201d with gang of armed dashnaks and set fire on it. Theatre of G.Z.Tagiyev being first one in the East was also burnt, Taza-Pir mosque seriously damaged. \u201cStruggle with counter-revolution\u201d turned into unprecedented carnage. S.M.Afandiyev stressed that \u201cdashnaks slaughtered not only musavatists but also generally moslems\u2026\u201d (Nationalities life, 1919, July 6).<\/p>\n

Trying to involve into their sloven actions Caspian fleet dashnaks resorted to their pet method-provocations. Among sailors they began spreading rumours that Azerbaijanis allegedly kill Russians in the city. Therefore at the action\u2019s beginning there thundered gun salvoes from Caspian fleet\u2019s ship toward azerbaijani dwellings. But soon these rumours proved to be utter fiction and dashnaks\u2019 provocation.<\/p>\n

Not only national armenian units but also those of Red Army took active part in violences over peaceful Azerbaijanis. In these terms the fact should be stressed that the latters consisted of armenians at 70%. According to G.Avetiysn, corresponding member of Armenian Republic Academy of Sciences, \u201cfor Baku Army battled 4 brigades of Caucasian Red Army consisting of 25 battalions and 18000 soldiers. About 70% of the latters were Armenians\u201d (\u201cCommunist\u201d, Yerevan, August 26, 1989, \u2116199).<\/p>\n

Even after accepting Baku Council ultimatum by Azerbaijanis murders and robberies by Armenian units continued. Only after interfering of Japaridze who noted events march to go extremely far, and also order of 36-th<\/sup> Turkestan regiment about stopping moslems\u2019 carnage and threat of gun firing at armenian dwellings the massacre was ceased.<\/p>\n

Much more atrocities inflicted during punitive raid to Shamakhi and Guba where over 50 villages had been set on fire and sacked.<\/p>\n

The great-numbered detachment expedited to Guba commanded by Dashnaksutun Amazasp consisted solely of Armenians being members of Dashnaksutun party. The detachment was raised under the personal control of G.Korganov, chairman of war-revolutionary committee of Caucasian army, Armenian by nationality.<\/p>\n

Beside of murders Amazasp\u2019s punitive detachment marauded and robbed Azerbaijanis\u2019 property.<\/p>\n

In result of the punitive action about 2000 peaceful azerbaijanis were killed in Guba. Speaking before local inhabitants Amazasp declared: \u201cI\u2019m hero of armenian nation and protector of his interests\u2026 I\u2019m sent here not for establishing order and Soviet power but for taking vengeance for murdered Armenians, I had commandment of killing all moslems from Caspian coasts to Shahdag and razing your dwellings to the ground. History of Azerbaijan in documents and publications, Baku, 1990, p. 185;<\/p>\n

Before events in Guba armed forces of Baku council commanded by Amazasp Avetisov commited io the flames and completely burnt Shamakhy town (A.Balayev. Azerbaijan national movement in 1917-1918, Baku, \u201cElm\u201d p.h., 1998, p. 175).<\/p>\n

Punitive operations were conducted in Lankaran, Khachmaz, Hajigabul, Salyan provinces. Direct participation of S.Shaumyan in bloody March events of 1918 and dashnaks\u2019 atrocities in Baku and province were reported in \u201cAzerbaijan\u201d newspaper dated October 8, 1918. There was founded special provinces commission on investigating these crimes. Shaumyan cynically confessed that \u201cin result of civil war suffered mass of poor and homeless moslems\u201d. He stressed they \u201chad to make use of armenian regiment. We even couldn\u2019t permit ourselves luxury of neglecting its services. It was necessary to use the regiment\u2019s services, and the victory is so much great that it slightly clouds reality\u201d (S.G.Shaumyan. Selected works. Moscow, 1978, v. II, p. 249, 250). Even \u201cNash golos\u201d (\u201cOur voice\u201d) menshevist newspaper characterized the events as national massacre. The eyewitness of March events People\u2019s Enlightenment Commissar of Baku People\u2019s Commissars Council N.Kolesnikova wrote in her memoirs that \u201cdashnak groups commenced in the town massacres, arsons of houses, robberies, murders of innocent peaceful citizens, mainly Azerbaijanis\u201d (Ko\u00adlesnikova N.N. About history of struggle for Soviet power in Baku, Moscow, 1960, p. 71). In letter addressed to Council of People\u2019s Commissars, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic dated from April 13, 1918 Shaumyan trying to justify heinous crimes of Armenian units in Baku in March days and conceal from bolshevist authorities the real scales of Azerbaijanis slaughter made under his leadership falsified death roll, facts of threatenings by the side of moslems. Realizing that it\u2019s impossible to conceal everything and aspiring to calm down Centre he wrote: \u201cMoslem mass heavily suffered but now it\u2019s consolidating around bolshevists and council\u201d, that \u201coil is already at our disposal\u201d. Here was also especially stressed role of armenian national units in defence of Soviet power (\u201cHistorical archives\u201d, \u21162, 1957, p. 55-57).<\/p>\n

In Shaumyan and Japaridze addressed letter published in \u201cGummat\u201d newspaper in April 3, 1918, Narimanov mentioning March events wrote: \u201cThis smirches Soviet power, casts slurs upon it. If the next few days you don\u2019t tear the black veil and don\u2019t remove the stain bolshevist idea and Soviet power will fail to consolidate here\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

You know that power won by means of arms failing to be supported by people can\u2019t stay long (N.Narimanov. Selected works in 3 vol., II v., Baku, \u201cAzernashr\u201d p.h., 1989, p. 122-123). These words turned out to be prophetic. After March events despite of Shaumyan\u2019s allegations broad masses of azerbaijani people turned away from Soviet power. In \u201cBaku organization of bolshevists in 1917-18\u201d article published in 1923 A.J.Mikoyan had to admit: \u201cMarch events also resulted in much more estrangement of moslem working\u201d masses from Soviet power (\u201cBakinski rabochiy\u201d (Baku worker), March 14, 1923, \u211657). March events had serious public repurcussions. S. Ter-Gabrielyan, notable bolshevist wrote in letter addressed to S. Shaumyan sent by him from Astrakhan in April 28, 1918 that the local community and newly arrived Russians who left on a mass scale Baku for Astrakhan regarded developments in \u201cBaku not as struggle \u201c for Soviet power, but national carnage, and that \u201cthis carnage was organized by Armenians\u201d (Sur. Shaumyan. The Baku Commune. Baku, 1927, p.94). <\/strong><\/p>\n

Armenians\u2019 outrages in Baku since March 30 till April 2, then continued in provinces were none other than massacre on national basis or more exactly \u2013 genocide over azerbaijani nation. Right therefore Soviet power in Baku held out not long and ignominiously quitted the stage in 1918.<\/p>\n

Today we can definitely say it was well-conceived and well-planned action prepared by Shaumyan and victims of which were Azerbaijan moslems. With armenian troops and Dashnaksutun party\u2019s cut-throats Shaumyan vented his hatred toward musavatists by massacres in azerbaijani dwellings of Baku, Azerbaijan provinces. Just in Baku that days were murdered over 10000 peaceful inhabitants, in Shamakhy-7000, Guba-2000, Lankaran and Astara – more than 1000, Salyan and Hajigabul \u2013 almost 1000. In March \u2013 April, 1918 armenian \u2013 bolshevist detachments killed in Baku, Shamakhy, Guba, Mugan, Lankaran districts more than 50000 Azerbaijanis (\u201cStatement of Azerbaijan Republic National Council\u201d article in \u201cBakinski rabochiy\u201d, March 31, 2001).<\/p>\n

Using bolshevist power and slogans as a cover Shaumyan betrayed Soviet power discrediting it by his actions. But this wasn\u2019t principal for him. His purpose was another-extermination of Azerbaijanis. All his efforts were aimed that March days on deporting Azerbaijanis from the lands for their further joining to \u201carmenian autonomy\u201d establishment of which was charged to Shaumyan due to decree of People\u2019s Commissars Council dated December 29, 1917.<\/p>\n

The prominent german researcher Erikh Figle in his \u201cTruth terror. Armenian terrorism \u2013 roots and reasons\u201d (Baku, \u201cAzernashr\u201d, 2000) speaking of Shaumyan\u2019s activity in 1918 stresses that Stepan Shaumyan was leader of armenian communists in Baku where he formed bolshevist government tyranny of which intended to expatriate or exterminate Azerbaijanis. His aim was \u201cBaku\u2019s armenianizing by any hooks or crooks\u201d (p. 101, ibid).<\/p>\n

Unfortunately these heinous crimes commited in Baku and provinces in March, 1918 received in due course proper and objective appraisal neither by world society nor republic\u2019s authorities. For sake of internationalism and consolidation of nations friendship these facts were painstakingly kept silent, concealed. Right this gave full scope to nationalist \u2013 separatistic forces. In 1988 as a result of the so-called Highland Garabagh problem a great number of Azerbaijanis were killed and expatriated from their primordial lands of Armenia because of their national belonging, in January of 1990 savage crimes were committed over people who expressed protest against the actions, in 1992 bloody Khojaly genocide took place. Adventurous actions of armenian aggressors and \u201cGreat Armenia\u201d ideologists on ethnical mopping \u2013 up resulted in expatriating more than millions of our countrymen from their motherland and their superhuman sufferings. Just in XX c. as it\u2019s stressed in \u201cAppeal to Azerbaijan nation in view of March 31, day of Azerbaijanis Genocide\u201d over 2 millions of Azerbaijanis became victims of loathsome genocide policy pursued by our enemies in one or another form\u201d (\u201cBakinski rabochiy\u201d, March 31, 1999).<\/p>\n

Current advancing of Armenia\u2019s claims to Nakhchivan being primordial azerbaijani land, calls to abolishing Gars treaty concluded in October of 1921 between Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia and Turkey, claims to Georgian, Turkish landsall of this are after-effect of impunity reigning in world society respect to aggressive Armenian Republic.<\/p>\n

Today our major task is forming in present and future generations eternal memory of genocide committed over Azerbaijan nation in the last century, attain political and legal appraisal of these events from international community, avert its grave consequences and do the all best for this never recur.<\/p>\n

Our long silence and tolerance costed us dear. Right therefore republic government adopted resolution of declaring March 31 as day of Azerbaijanis Genocide.<\/p>\n

In these terms important are monumental works and documentary archives revealing dashnak terrorists, their heinous crimes on azerbaijani land during the last century. Committing genocide over Azerbaijanis they represent themselves as innocent victims having been subject to genocide. As early as July 15, 1918 due to decree of Azerbaijan Republic under the leadership of Foreign Affairs Ministry there was established extraordinary \u201cInquiry Committee\u201d on investigating violences made by Armenians over moslems within the entire Transcaucasus since I World War. In the committee\u2019s materials there was stressed that in March days basically suffered Azerbaijanis, their properties were plundered and dwellings burnt out. In State Archives of Republic there are kept materials of the committee which are impossible to be read without shudder, scales of vandalism displayed by Armenians that bloody days are incommensurate. The documents were drawn up on hot trails, March events described by eye-witnesses. Today when our state is member of many in ternational organizations, the committee\u2019s materials must be published and become possessions of the world society. Let it know the real executors of genocide on our land, those who through XX c. claimed to our areas, who hold the region\u2019s inhabitants in permanent tension can\u2019t go on any longer. The Armenians\u2019 claims must be repulsed finally and decisively. <\/strong><\/p>\n

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Azerbaijan<\/strong> National Academy<\/strong> of Sciences<\/strong><\/p>\n

History Institute <\/strong>named after Bakikhanov A.A.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Historical Facts of Armenia<\/strong>\u2019s Actions in Azerbaijan Land<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Baku<\/strong> <\/strong>\u2013 <\/strong>\u0415\u043b\u043c<\/strong> \u2013 <\/strong>2003<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]Arkhive- SPSASR.<\/p>\n

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[1]Arkhive- SPSASR.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tamilla Musayeva, Doctor of history, professor Adil Mammadov, Doctor of history It\u2019s already ten years since our nation has commenced building its sovereign state being in utterly difficult situation and surpassing incredible obstacles. Looking back to the passed way we observe both errors, shortcomings and those great achievements which were possible exclusively in terms of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":782300,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,41,3711],"tags":[3712],"class_list":["post-17594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-armenia","category-azerbaijan","category-gulnara-inandzh","tag-azerbaijan-and-armenia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17594"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17594\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/782300"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}