As the closure case against the ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP) is moving towards a verdict in the Constitutional Court, the Turkish political agenda has become even more complicated with the arrest of a number of prominent individuals allegedly associated with a coup plot against the government. Although the JDP was able to win a decisive victory in the July 2007 elections following a serious dispute over the election of a new president, Turkish society has become even more polarized during the past year and tension is rising in an alarming manner. The gravity and implications of the crisis had been examined by Bulent Aliriza, the Director of the CSIS Turkey Project. Mark Parris, former Ambassador to Turkey in 1997-2000, who is currently a Visiting Fellows at Brookings Institution, then provided a commentary.<\/p>\n
—————————–<\/p>\n
Mark Parris Ne Diyordu?<\/p>\n
ABD’ nin Ankara eski B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Mark Parris’ in T\u00fcrkiye ile ilgili bir de\u011ferlendirmesi \u00f6zet olarak T\u00fcrk medyas\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bug\u00fcn, Cumhuriyet Gazetesinde yay\u0131mlanan ve bu konuda daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7eren Ergin YIld\u0131zo\u011flu’ nun k\u00f6\u015fe yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6nderiyorum. Yabanc\u0131 dili ingilizce olanlar, arzu ederlerse, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki linkten M.Parris’ in konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kendi sesinden dinleyebilirler. Sayg\u0131lar,
\nBedii Nezih Oz<\/p>\n
ERG\u0130N YILDIZO\u011eLU<\/p>\n
Mark Parris Ne Diyordu?<\/p>\n
ABD’nin eski Ankara B\u00fcy\u00fckel\u00e7isi Mark Parris’in, T\u00fcrkiye’deki siyasi krizle ilgili yorumlar\u0131 ge\u00e7en hafta medyaya yans\u0131d\u0131. \u0130lgiler daha \u00e7ok, Parris’in Anayasa Mahkemesi’nin karar\u0131na ili\u015fkin adeta bir tarih veren \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinde odakland\u0131. Ama T\u00fcrkiye’den d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra Stratejik ve Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar Merkezi’nde (CSIS) yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 konu\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi, san\u0131r\u0131m, yeterince irdelenmedi. Haberin \u00fczerinden yakla\u015f\u0131k bir hafta ge\u00e7mi\u015f olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n konu\u015fmada ilgimi \u00e7eken noktalar\u0131 sizlerle payla\u015fmak istiyorum.<\/p>\n
Mark Parris T\u00fcrkiye’ye, bir ABD – AB ortak kurulu\u015fu olan Atlantik Konseyi’nden bir heyetin par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak gelmi\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye’de olup bitenleri anlamak, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla etkilemek amac\u0131yla gelen bu heyetin di\u011fer \u00fcyeleriyle birlikte T\u00fcrkiye’de yayg\u0131n temaslarda bulunmu\u015f. Parris, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde CSIS’de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bas\u0131nda aktar\u0131lan toplant\u0131daki (kurulu\u015fun web sitesinden dinlemek olanakl\u0131) yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 dakikal\u0131k sunu\u015funda ve izleyen “Soru-Cevap” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, \u00f6zellikle \u00fc\u00e7 noktaya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgunun \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum: AKP’ye y\u00f6nelik ele\u015ftiriler, “3. G\u00fc\u00e7” dedi\u011fi bir yap\u0131lanmaya ili\u015fkin saptamalar, T\u00fcrkiye’de siyasetin i\u00e7inde askerin rol\u00fcn\u00fcn artaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin beklenti.<\/p>\n
AKP ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131<\/p>\n
Parris’in AKP’ye, ikinci d\u00f6nemi ba\u011flam\u0131nda y\u00f6neltti\u011fi ele\u015ftiriler olduk\u00e7a kapsaml\u0131. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlileri \u015f\u00f6yle: AB s\u00fcrecini canland\u0131ramad\u0131, anayasay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiremedi, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kayg\u0131 duyulan \u0130slamc\u0131 g\u00fcndemin\/projenin (“agenda” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131yor) keskin yanlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00f6rp\u00fcleyemedi, t\u00fcm \u00fclkenin ba\u015fbakan\u0131 olamad\u0131. Nihayet yolsuzluk sorunu AKP grubunu da etkisi alt\u0131na ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
AB s\u00fcrecinin aksamas\u0131n\u0131n tek sorumlusunun AKP olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, AB’nin de\u011fi\u015fen tutumunun s\u00fcreci fiilen \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak, Parris’in, asl\u0131nda AKP’nin kendisinden istenenleri veremedi\u011finden yak\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Bence daha \u00f6nemli ele\u015ftiriler AKP’nin toplumda birle\u015ftirici olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6l\u00fcc\u00fc oldu\u011funa, yolsuzluklara bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin saptamalarda yat\u0131yor. B\u00f6ylece Parris, diplomatik bir dille, AKP’nin me\u015fruiyeti \u00fczerine bir soru i\u015fareti koyuyor. Dahas\u0131, sermaye s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ve Bat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131 liberal se\u00e7kinlerle AKP aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin bozulmas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6nderme, AKP’nin Bat\u0131 yanl\u0131s\u0131 tutumunun, liberal demokrat olma iddialar\u0131n\u0131n hakikili\u011fine ili\u015fkin kayg\u0131lar\u0131n bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bu saptamalara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k konu\u015fmas\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k Tayyip Bey’i \u00f6vmesini, “Yeri doldurulamaz” demesini “Hatalar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frenmiyor” saptamas\u0131yla birlikte okuyunca, akl\u0131ma efsanevi K\u0131z\u0131lderili \u015eefi Jeronimo’nun “Beyaz adam \u00e7atal dillidir” s\u00f6zleri geldi, ister istemez.<\/p>\n
‘3. G\u00fc\u00e7’e dikkat<\/p>\n
Bence, konu\u015fmada \u00e7ok az yer verilmekle birlikte, Parris’in kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya olan g\u00fc\u00e7leri s\u0131ralarken bir “3. G\u00fc\u00e7”ten s\u00f6z etmesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Parris, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc kriz i\u00e7inde, Tayyip Bey’den yana tutum alan bu “3. G\u00fc\u00e7”\u00fcn sivil g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fc\u00e7leri, istihbarat \u00f6rg\u00fctleri i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok etkin oldu\u011funu ve kendi savc\u0131lar\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle Parris, devlet i\u00e7inde, \u015fiddet organlar\u0131nda ve yasama i\u00e7inde, kayna\u011f\u0131 belirsiz (“biz bile bilmiyoruz” demeye getiriyor) karanl\u0131k bir g\u00fc\u00e7 var diyor. Bu g\u00fcc\u00fcn “cemaat” oldu\u011fu art\u0131k herkesin malumudur. \u00d6yleyse Parris, bu g\u00fcce i\u015faret ederken “cemaat”in etkisiyle, devletin elindeki \u015fiddet tekelinin par\u00e7alanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00f6ylemi\u015f oluyor. B\u00f6ylece, Parris, devlet i\u00e7inde bir “t\u0131rmanan darbe” (devleti ele ge\u00e7irme) olgusuna dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015f olmuyor mu?<\/p>\n
Askerin siyasi rol\u00fc artacak<\/p>\n
Bence, Parris’in, askerin siyasi etkisi artacak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc, AKP’yi destekleyerek ak\u0131llar\u0131nca “militarizme kar\u015f\u0131” m\u00fccadele ettiklerini hayal eden \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n liberallerin \u00fczerinde \u015fok etkisi yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tabii duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlayacak kadar ak\u0131llar\u0131 kald\u0131ysa. Parris son d\u00f6nemde en “akl\u0131selim” yorumlar\u0131n ordu \u00fcst kademesinden geldi\u011fine inan\u0131yor. Parris’e g\u00f6re, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde, “asker-siyaset\u00e7i” olarak niteledi\u011fi bir kategorinin sivil siyaset i\u00e7indeki rol\u00fc \u00f6zellikle, \u00d6zk\u00f6k gibi emekli komutanlar\u0131n arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla artacak. Yine Parris’e g\u00f6re ordu \u00fcst kademesinin, asker siyaset\u00e7ilerin, sivil siyaset i\u00e7indeki etkisinin artmas\u0131ysa, AKP’yi geriletmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele eden g\u00fc\u00e7leri daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek, onlar i\u00e7in bir nevi koruyucu etken olacak. Bu da “ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131” d\u00fc\u015f k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011fratacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Tam bu noktada Parris’in; “Taraflar bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu bulamazlarsa u\u00e7uruma birlikte yuvarlanacaklar”, “Ancak g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde bir taviz verme ya da anla\u015fma e\u011filimi yok”. “Birileri bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeli” yorumu \u00fczerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye ba\u015flayabiliriz. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrken benim akl\u0131ma, \u0130ngiltere d\u0131\u015f politikas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kurulu\u015fu Chatam House’dan Fadi Hakura’n\u0131n, bir saptamas\u0131 geldi “Erdo\u011fan ve AKP’ye ne olursa olsun, T\u00fcrkiye, ideologlar\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemdeki kavgalar\u0131n\u0131n biriken k\u00fcllerinden do\u011facak yeni bir tarz siyasetin e\u015fi\u011finde” (17\/07\/08). H\u0131mm.<\/p>\n
erginy@tr.net<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
As the closure case against the ruling Justice and Development Party (JDP) is moving towards a verdict in the Constitutional Court, the Turkish political agenda has become even more complicated with the arrest of a number of prominent individuals allegedly associated with a coup plot against the government. Although the JDP was able to win […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":83,"featured_media":782328,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,89,34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eu-members","category-turkey","category-usa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/782328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishnews.com\/en\/content\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}